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Title: Organic Chemistry
Description: Includes definition and broad concepts of Organic Chemistry. Descriptions on key people in major discoveries of organic chemistry. Notes on bonds, elements, atoms and particles in the universe.
Description: Includes definition and broad concepts of Organic Chemistry. Descriptions on key people in major discoveries of organic chemistry. Notes on bonds, elements, atoms and particles in the universe.
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Section 1
➢ Organisms are composed of matter, which is anything that takes up space and has mass
...
➢ Element~ is a substance that can not be broken down to other substances by chemical
reactions
➢ Compound~ is a substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a
fix ratio
...
➢ Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Hydrogen (H), and Nitrogen (N) make up 96% of living
matter
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➢ Trace Elements are those required by an organism in only minute quantities
...
➢ Three kinds of particles
○ Neutrons, protons, and electrons
○ Neutrons and protons are packed together tightly to form a dense core, or atomic
nucleus, at the center of the atoms
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➢ Protons, which is unique to that element, is called the atomic number and is written as a
subscript to the left of the symbol for the element
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➢ Atomic mass is an approximation of the total mass of an atom
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➢ Energy is defined as the capacity to cause change, for instance by doing work
➢ Potential energy is the energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure
...
➢ Electron shells is an electron’s energy level is correlated with its average distance from
the nucleus; these average distances are represented symbolically
...
➢ Orbital is the threedimensional space where an electron is found 90% of the time
...
➢ Covalent bond is the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms
...
➢ Where the line represents a single covalent bond, or simply a single bond that is, a pair
of shared electrons
➢ This notation, which represent both atoms and bonding, is called a structural formula
...
➢ The atoms are thus joined by what is called a double covalent bond, or simply a double
bond
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➢ The attraction of a particular kind of atom for the electrons of a covalent bond is called its
electronegativity
...
➢ A charged atom ( or molecules) is called an ion
➢ When the charge is positive, the ion is specifically called a cation; the sodium atom has
become a cation
...
➢ Compounds formed by ionic bond are called ionic compounds or salt
Title: Organic Chemistry
Description: Includes definition and broad concepts of Organic Chemistry. Descriptions on key people in major discoveries of organic chemistry. Notes on bonds, elements, atoms and particles in the universe.
Description: Includes definition and broad concepts of Organic Chemistry. Descriptions on key people in major discoveries of organic chemistry. Notes on bonds, elements, atoms and particles in the universe.