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Title: Lesson1 DATA from Quantitative Methods
Description: All notes from Lecture 1 DATA
Description: All notes from Lecture 1 DATA
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QUANTITATIVE METHODS
Lesson 1 DATA
DATA-‐the facts and figures that are collected, analyzed and summarized
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1
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from a statistical study:
an experiment, a questionnaire, a survey, etc
Components of tabular data
•Element – the entity or item on which data are collected
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, etc
•Variable – a characteristic of interest for an element
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Examples: 953, coed, public, $6,140, etc
Main types of data
•
Qualitative data provide labels or names for variables
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Examples: Coed, Public, etc
Mukhammadsodiq Otajonov
otajonoff@gmail
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They indicate either “how
much” or “how many” of something
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Examples: Number of enrolled students: 500, 1000, 2458, etc
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Examples: Length or height of some object: 5 cm, 5
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com
Scale of measurement for Qualitative data
Nominal scale – a scale of measurement that uses name or label to define a
characteristic of an element
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Examples:
Performance of sport team at a world cup:
-‐ Germany, the Argentine, the Netherland, Brazil
Scale of measurement for Quantitative data
Interval scale – a scale of measurement that is ordinal and intervals between data can
be used to compare variable observations
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Example:
Prices of computers: $450, $900, $1000
Raw and Aggregate data
Raw data – the data that has not been processed (analyzed, categorized, put in a table)
yet
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Example:
On four lectures, the attendance of students was lower than 80 and on other eight
lectures it was greater or equal to 80
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Mukhammadsodiq Otajonov
otajonoff@gmail
...
Example:
Numbers of automobiles produced by GM Uzbeksitan in 2014
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Example:
Number of automobiles produced by GM Uzbekistan during the period from
2010 to 2014
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•
Sample – a subset of the population
Example:
All University students vs foundation students
foundation students vs 3EC1 group students
Note: Data about a large group of elements are difficult
to collect due to various restrictions,
therefore only a small part of the group is considered
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com
Title: Lesson1 DATA from Quantitative Methods
Description: All notes from Lecture 1 DATA
Description: All notes from Lecture 1 DATA