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Title: Principles of Health and Social care Practice
Description: HNC- UNIT 2

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Roya  Siddiqi  

Unit  2-­‐  Principles  of  Health  and  Social  Care  Practice    
LO2-­‐2
...
   
Firstly,  one  of  the  legislation  that  has  been  implemented  in  a  care  setting  such  as  a  care  home  is  the  
Equality  Act  2010
...
 Therefore,  
this  act  prevents  people  who  discriminate  people  against  their  age,  being  a  transsexual  person,  
being  married,  having  a  disability,  race  or  religion
...
 For  
example,  in  a  care  home  if  there  is  a  patient  who  is  disabled  it  does  not  mean  that  they  should  be  
treated  any  differently  as  they  have  the  same  rights  as  other  patients  due  to  the  Equality  Act  2010
...
 (Cuthbert,  Quallington,  pg  25,  2008
...
 This  means  that  
if  anyone  that  has  a  disability  it  is  not  an  excuse  to  be  treated  any  differently  because  equality  plays  
a  big  role  in  people’s  lives  as  it  means  that  everyone  is  the  same  and  they  must  be  treated  the  same
...
   
In  addition,  for  example,  in  care  home  women  are  always  given  smaller  portions  of  food  than  men  
because  they  believe  that  men  have  bigger  appetites
...
 
Therefore,  as  the  Equality  Act  2010  was  implemented  the  direct  discrimination  was  stopped  to  
ensure  that  both  men  and  women  are  given  equal  portions  of  food
...
   
As  a  result,  the  Equality  Act  2010  has  an  impact  on  practice  by  making  it  fairer  as  patients  are  all  
treated  similarly  and  fairly  and  this  makes  them  feel  equal  which  means  that  they  will  not  be  afraid  
of  being  discriminated  and  treated  any  differently  due  to  their  age,  gender,  race  or  disability
...
   
Furthermore,  one  of  the  codes  of  practice  that  NMC  nursing  and  midwifery  council  has  implemented  
in  a  care  setting  is  that  nurses  and  midwives  must  not  discriminate,  this  is  implemented  by  making  
sure  that  all  patients  are  treated  equally  for  example,  not  treating  a  mother  who  is  48  years  old  and  
is  diabetic  any  differently  to  a  mother  who  is  25  years  old  and  is  healthy
...
 Therefore,  the  
code  of  practice  of  not  discriminating  is  implemented  by  giving  full  attention  and  care  to  all  mothers  
equally  and  sometimes  giving  extra  care  when  in  need
...
 Also,  “equality  does  not  mean  treating  everyone  the  
same”  (Cuthbert,  Quallington,  pg  25,  2008
...
 This  means  that  the  mother  
who  is  diabetic  may  be  treated  with  extra  care  because  they  are  in  a  more  delicate  phase  than  the  
healthy  mother  therefore,  equality  also  means  that  people  who  are  in  a  different  situation  will  have  
different  needs  which  means,  that  the  diabetic  mother  will  receive  extra  care  and  this  does  not  
mean  that  the  other  mothers  are  being  discriminated
...
 One  of  the  codes  of  conduct  is  to  communicate  in  an  
effective  way  to  promote  the  health,  safety  and  wellbeing  of  people  who  use  health  and  care  
services
...
 
Confidentiality  “generally  implies  an  element  of  trust  to  keep  secrets  that  which  is  disclosed  to  a  
person”  (Cuthbert,  Quallington,  pg  89,  2008
...
 This  means  that  
confidentiality  is  important  to  maintain  your  patients  trust  so  they  can  feel  that  they  can  trust  you  
without  any  hesitations  and  feel  safe  with  the  information  they  share  with  you
...
 Also,  the  healthcare  worker  will  ask  questions  to  make  the  patient  
feel  that  they  are  being  engaged  in  the  discussion  and  the  healthcare  worker  will  help  them  with  
their  condition
...
 This  allows  patients  to  understand  what  
is  going  on  in  each  step  of  their  care  plan,  which  means  that  they  won’t  feel  confuse  or  worried
...
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Roya  Siddiqi  

LO2-­‐2
...
 
Firstly,  one  of  the  examples  is  a  nursery  which  aims  to  keep  children  away  from  any  risk,  they  make  
sure  that  given  information  is  shared  only  with  people  who  protect  the  child,  ensures  that  all  staff  is  
trained  to  understand  safeguarding  policy  and  procedure  and  be  able  to  identify  signs  of  abuse  such  
as  bullying,  discriminatory  behaviour,  ensures  that  staff  is  updated  with  child  protection  procedures,  
ensures  parents  know  about  child  protection  policies  and  ensures  that  the  children  are  their  number  
one  priority
...
 Abuse  of  a  child  can  be  
done  by  family,  other  children  and  even  by  strangers
...
 As  a  result,  staffs  make  sure  that  suspicions  of  abuse  
and  disclosures  has  been  recorded  by  taking  the  child’s  name,  address,  date  of  birth,  noting  the  
exact  words  of  the  child,  noting  the  type  of  injury  see  and  an  conversation  with  the  parent  is  noted  
down
...
 As  these  injuries  are  no  usual  childhood  injuries  it  
means  that  action  must  taken  place  in  order  to  protect  the  child
...
 Lastly,  if  they  have  approved  that  abuse  is  happening  to  the  child  it  means  that  further  
action  will  be  taken  place  by  contacting  the  local  authority  and  putting  a  stop  to  the  abuse
...
lse
...
uk/intranet/LSEServices/nursery/regulations/Chil-­‐Protection-­‐and-­‐Safeguarding-­‐
policy
...
 
As  a  result,  this  policy  and  procedure  comes  from  the  Safeguarding  policy  act  for  children  and  young  
people
...
 Safeguarding  is  defined  as  protecting  children  from  ill  
treatment,  preventing  any  harm  and  abuse  towards  them  and  ensuring  that  they  have  grown  up  in  
an  environment  that  is  safe  and  secure
...
 As  a  result,  putting  the  Safeguarding  policy  and  procedure  in  place  within  an  
organisation  it  promotes  the  wellbeing  of  children,  increases  the  confidence  of  trustee,  staff,  
volunteers,  parents,  carers  and  the  public
...
gov
...
 

Roya  Siddiqi  

Therefore,  nurseries  must  promote  the  wellbeing  of  each  child  and  help  to  prevent  harm  or  abuse  
because  they  must  follow  the  Safeguarding  policy,  which  is  to  promote  health  and  wellbeing  of  each  
individual
...
   
Furthermore,  another  example  of  a  policy  to  protect  children  in  a  nursery  is  to  get  DBS  check
...
 Therefore,  the  policy  of  the  nursery  is  to  ensure  that  children  are  in  safe  and  secure  
surrounding
...
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
           
In  addition,  all  stuff  must  be  trained  by  attending  courses  of  child  protection  and  must  have  the  
basic  knowledge  of  child  protection  which  is  being  able  to  follow  the  procedures  of  spotting  signs  of  
abuse,  recording  and  reporting  concerns  and  then  giving  the  sense  of  safe  and  secure  environment  
for  the  child  in  the  nursery
...
   
http://www
...
ac
...
pdf  (2014)  (Accessed:  24  February  2015)
...
 As  a  result,  it  is  important  to  do  a  DBS  check  because  it  ensures  that  
the  right  person  is  being  hired  who  will  not  cause  any  harm  to  the  child  therefore,  this  meet  the  
Safeguarding  policy  because  as  the  children  are  in  safe  hands  it  means  that  each  child’s  wellbeing  is  
being  promoted
...
 The  nursery  is  responsible  to  deliver  a  safe  environment  for  the  children  and  the  
manager  is  responsible  for  the  health  and  safety  of  the  nursery  environment
...
 
Hygiene  related  to  body  fluid  is  taken  care  particularly  and  all  staff  is  mindful  about  how  the  
infection  can  spread
...
 Also,  staff  must  try  to  prevent  as  many  accidents,  injuries  as  possible  and  must  limit  as  
many  hazards  to  make  sure  children  are  in  a  safe  environment
...
 
Therefore,  the  policy  of  health  and  safety  comes  from  the  Health  and  Safety  at  Work  Act  1974  which  

Roya  Siddiqi  

aims  to  protect  the  health,  safety  and  welfare  of  people  at  work,  to  protect  everyone  at  the  work  
from  risk  to  health  or  safety  and  to  control  the  usage  of  substances  that  can  be  dangerous  and  
flammable
...
   
Furthermore,  there  are  duties  the  employees  must  follow  such  as  following  the  health  and  safety  act  
to  protect  themselves  and  their  colleagues  also;  the  workers  must  obey  the  duty  that  they  have  
been  asked  to  perform  and  must  not  misuse  anything  that  can  affect  the  health  and  safety  of  the  
working  environment
...
inbrief
...
uk/employees/health-­‐and-­‐safety-­‐at-­‐work-­‐act
...
 As  a  result,  this  means  that  the  health  and  safety  act  must  be  applied  to  the  nursery  to  ensure  
that  the  staff  and  the  children  are  in  an  environment  that  is  free  from  any  harm  and  that  is  safe
...
,  there  are  many  producers  to  followed  to  ensure  children  are  safe  such  as  not  using  not  leaving  
sharp  substances  or  toys  around  the  nursery  that  cause  a  cut  to  a  child,  making  sure  children  hands  
are  washed  before  they  eat  to  prevent  any  infections  and  there  must  be  a  staff  who  is  a  first  aid  
trainer  that  can  help  a  child  who  had  an  accident
...
3  
In  this  report  it  will  evaluate  the  impact  of  legislations  and  codes  of  practise  on  organisation  policy  
and  practise
...
 This  act  legally  protects  people  from  being  discriminated  in  an  organisation  therefore,  it  
prevents  people  being  discriminated  due  to  their  age,  being  a  transsexual  person,  being  married,  
having  a  disability,  race  or  religion
...
 
As  a  result,  this  act  protects  many  people  from  feeling  negative  about  themselves  as  they  may  think  
that  they  are  not  worthy  of  working  in  an  environment  that  has  educated  people  with  a  first  degree,  
or  if  the  person  has  a  disability  they  may  think  they  will  not  be  accepted  in  a  workplace  due  to  their  
disability  that  may  cause  limitations  in  their  work  such  as  not  being  able  to  do  practical  work
...
 
On  the  other  hand,  however  there  are  some  disadvantages  of  this  act  because  there  are  some  
people  who  do  not  follow  this  act  and  discriminate  people  due  to  their  disability,  race,  age  or  
gender
...
 Therefore,  
for  the  organisation  to  meet  the  disabled  person’s  needs  it  will  cost  them  a  lot  so  they  would  avoid  
hiring  them
...
   http://www
...
org/Publications/Standards/The-­‐code/Make-­‐the-­‐care-­‐of-­‐people-­‐your-­‐first-­‐concern-­‐treating-­‐
them-­‐as-­‐individuals-­‐and-­‐respecting-­‐their-­‐dignity/  (2014)  (Accessed:  3  March  2015)
...
 
Also,  following  these  codes  of  practise  it  helps  to  achieve  a  high  standard  quality  care  which  means  
patients  will  have  a  positive  experience  and  their  needs  will  be  met
...
 
But,  the  disadvantages  of  this  code  of  practise  is  that  if  it  is  not  followed  then  nurses  and  midwives  
will  not  deliver  an  effective  service  for  their  patience  because  for  example,  if  the  nurse  or  midwife  
does  not  respect  their  patients  privacy  and  does  not  maintain  their  dignity  then  the  patient  will  feel  
uncomfortable  and  not  be  able  to  communicate  with  the  nurse  or  midwife  in  a  way  to  voice  their  
problems  and  tell  them  what  their  needs  are
...
     

LO3-­‐3
...
 Piaget  was  
very  fascinated  that  children  had  given  the  incorrect  answer  to  a  question  that  needed  
logical  thinking
...
 The  purpose  of  the  theory  was  to  justify  the  process  from  an  infant  to  a  
child  and  then  into  an  individual  who  then  is  able  to  think  using  hypotheses
...
 Albert  
Einstein  called  Piaget's  discovery  "so  simple  only  a  genius  could  have  thought  of  it"
...
 (2009)  Jean  Piaget
...
simplypsychology
...
html  
(Accessed:  17  December  2014)
...
 The  stages  focused  on  intelligence,  
judgment,  and  thought
...
webmd
...
     
Piaget’s  first  stage  of  development  is  the  Sensorimotor  Stage,  which  is  when  infants  develop  
knowledge  through  sensory  experiences  and  manipulating  objects
...
 The  third  stage  is  the  
concrete  operational  stage  when  children  are  then  able  to  think  logically  but  they  find  

Roya  Siddiqi  

abstract  and  hypothetical  theories  difficult
...
   McLeod,  S
...
 Available  at:  
http://www
...
org/piaget
...
 Therefore,  
looking  at  the  different  stages  it  conveys  that  development  takes  place  in  each  stage  such  as  
the  basic  development  of  logic  and  how  it  develops  further  through  each  stage
...
 This  means  that  they  can  then  communicate  effectively  as  they  have  a  wider  
knowledge  and  an  increase  in  their  logic
...
 Therefore,  when  a  child  has  new  
experiences  they  develop  more  knowledge,  which  would  add  or  change  their  old  schemas
...
 But,  when  they  have  a  new  experience  and  see  a  large  
dog  then  the  child  would  add  or  change  their  old  schemas
...
 Furthermore,  
there  is  accommodation  this  is  when  there  is  a  change  in  a  child’s  schemas  due  to  new  
experiences  and  improved  knowledge  and  this  brings  a  change  to  their  schemas  or  even  
create  new  ones
...
   As  a  result  
this  helps  us  to  understand  how  children  can  change  one  thought  to  another
...
about
...
htm  (no  date)  (Accessed:  17  
December  2014)
...
 The  model  that  she  devised  has  five  stages  which  are  denial,  anger,  bargaining,  
depression  and  acceptance  therefore,  this  model  aims  to  help  manage  people  with  not  only  
grief  of  loss  but  to  manage  less  serious  traumas  than  death  such  as  crime  and  punishment,  
disability,  bankruptcy  or  relationship  problems
...
 There  are  people  that  cannot  go  further  than  this  
stage  because  they  deny  dealing  with  a  dramatic  change  and  they  want  to  just  ignore  it
...
 Therefore,  knowing  this  it  will  help  a  person  to  understand  the  
anger  of  someone  who  is  upset  and  that  person  would  not  judge  or  keep  distance  from  that  
person  because  they  will  understand  their  reason  of  anger  which  can  come  from  grief
...
 Also,  people  who  are  facing  less  serious  trauma  
can  bargain  or  compromise  for  example  if  a  couple  has  ended  their  relationship  they  would  
compromise  by  being  friends  only
...
 The  fourth  stage  is  depression  and  grieving
...
 Lastly,  the  last  stage  is  acceptance  which  is  an  
indication  that  there  is  some  emotional  detachment  and  that  it  is  the  stage  to  embrace  the  
charge  and  let  go  of  the
...
 
http://www
...
com/elisabeth_kubler_ross_five_stages_of_grief
...
 
Hans  Selye  was  an  endocrinologist,  who  was  the  first  person  to  give  a  scientific  explanation  
for  biological  stress
...
 
(http://www
...
com/nursing_theory/Selye's_stress_theory
...
 The  model  had  stated  the  stages  a  human  goes  through  when  
going  through  stress,  which  are  Alarm,  Resistance  and  then  Exhaustion  and  it  explains  that  
the  hypothalamic-­‐pituitary-­‐adrenal  axis  (HPA  axis)  system  is  the  way  the  body  copes  with  
stress
...
 
(http://www
...
com/nursing_theory/Selye's_stress_theory
...
 Then  
the  body  reacts  with  fight  or  flight  response  and  then  the  nervous  system
...
   
For  example,  if  someone’s  house  is  on  fire,  their  body  is  on  to  the  alarm  stage,  as  they’re  
stress  hormones  starts  to  release  and  then  when  they  lift  a  very  heavy  appliance  outside  the  
burning  house
...
 (https://explorable
...
   

Roya  Siddiqi  

The  second  stage  is  Resistance  and  in  this  stage  the  Parasympathetic  nervous  system  
releases  many  physiological  functions  to  bring  the  body  in  to  its  normal  level  so  the  body  
can  mainly  work  against  the  stressor
...
 Then  the  heart  rate  and  breathing  starts  to  increase
...
   Also,  at  this  stage,  the  stress  has  
been  continuous  for  a  long  time  so  the  body  starts  to  lose  its  ability  to  fight  the  stressors  
and  reduce  their  harmful  impact
...
 
http://www
...
com/nursing_theory/Selye's_stress_theory
...
 

LO3-­‐3
...
 For  
example,  it  conveys  in  one  of  my  case  studies,  which  is  about  Adil  who  was  excluded  from  
school  when  in  was  in  year  9
...
 Therefore,  due  to  his  exclusion  he  did  
not  achieve  any  qualifications  so  as  Adil  left  school  and  tried  to  get  a  job  he  found  it  
extremely  difficult  without  any  qualifications
...
 Also,  as  he  is  unemployed  he  is  not  receiving  any  
income,  which  can  lead  to  him  feeling  isolated  and  helpless  which  means  due  to  lack  of  
education  and  employment  it  has  lead  Adil  in  to  marginalisation  which  is  “the  process  where  
something  or  someone  is  pushed  to  the  edge  of  a  group  and  accorded  lesser  importance”
...
   
http://www
...
com/definition/marginalization
...
   
 
Also,  he  will  be  labelled  of  being  excluded  which  will  follow  him  his  whole  life  and  will  affect  
him  as  he  has  fallen  in  to  the  label  and  now  he  has  been  trapped  in  this  poverty  cycle  of  lack  
of  education,  no  qualifications,  no  job  and  then  poverty
...
 Therefore,  it  means  that  as  Adil  does  not  have  
any  qualifications  it  has  excluded  him  from  the  group  of  people  who  are  successful  and  have  
a  job  so  it  will  affect  him  a  lot  as  has  to  work  even  harder  to  get  a  job  and  get  himself  an  
income  so  he  can  provide  for  himself  and  come  out  of  the  poverty  cycle
...
macmillandictionary
...
   
In  order  for  Adil  to  help  himself  he  can  use  services  such  as  a  support  group  who  will  
encourage  him  to  work  harder  and  will  support  him  in  order  for  him  to  reach  his  goal  such  
as  going  back  to  school  or  college  and  getting  a  qualification  in  order  to  be  employed  and  
come  out  the  poverty  cycle
...
     
In  addition,  another  case  study  is  about  Nora  who  has  lost  her  job  and  is  struggling  to  pay  
her  bills
...
 Losing  her  job  has  affected  Nora  because  she  is  not  able  to  pay  her  bills  such  
electricity  or  water  and  if  she  doesn’t  find  a  job  soon  she  may  not  be  able  to  pay  her  rent,  
which  can  lead  to  her  being  homeless
...
This  is  because  as  she  has  not  told  
anyone  about  her  situation  it  means  that  she  is  not  getting  any  support as she is not

getting any income she not able to help herself from the bills that she
needs to pay
...
macmillandictionary
...
   
Also,  she  is  excluded  because  as  she  has  no  job  it  means  she  has  no  income,  which  means  
that  she  won’t  be  able  to  have  money  to  pay  her  bills  and  then  pay  for  food,  which  could  
lead  to  affecting  her  health  physically  and  mentally,  and  finally  she  may  feel  isolated  and  as  
she  has  no  one  to  support  her  in  her  situation
...
http://www
...
com/dictionary/british/isolation  (2014)  
(Accessed:  23  March  2015)
...
 So,  she  can  go  to  the  job  

Roya  Siddiqi  

center  where  she  can  find  a  job  the  she  is  interested  in  or  she  can  do  further  studies  by  
going  to  university  and  getting  a  degree  so  she  can  get  a  higher  qualification  and  then  a  
better  job  which  will  lead  her  to  a  brighter  future  as  she  gets  a  better  pay  and  a  career  that  
interests  her
...
3  
Inter  professional  working  is  when  professionals  “work  collaboratively  to  provide  the  
highest  standard  of  care  and  encourages  practitioners  to  understand  the  roles  of  other  
professionals  and  to  learn  from  each  other,  as  well  as  from  service  users  and  carers”  
(http://www
...
com/page/detail/interprofessional-­‐working-­‐in-­‐health-­‐and-­‐social-­‐care-­‐
judith-­‐thomas/?isb=9780230393431,  no  date)
...
   
Having  an  effective  healthcare  requires  co-­‐ordinate  and  mutual  efforts  from  individuals  
from  various  disciplines  and  a  system  of  delivery  (Wagner,  2004)
...
 Teamwork  can  assist  in  the  development  and  promotion  of  
interprofessional  communication  (Opie,  1997)
...
 So  working  in  a  team  you  can  get  different  ideas  from  different  professionals  
and  you  can  bring  those  ideas  together  to  come  up  with  the  best  solution  for  the  patient
...
 Therefore,  the  view  and  opinion  of  one  professional  could  be  disagreed  by  another  
professional,  which  could  cause  conflict  and  then  delays  the  service
...
 
Research  suggests  that  students  rated  their  communication  and  teamwork  skills  positively,  
and  were  favourably  inclined  towards  interprofessional  learning,  but  held  negative  opinions  
about  interprofessional  interaction  (Pollard  et  al
...
 
This  means  that  in  order  to  have  a  successful  interprofessional  working  communication  and  
teamwork  is  a  must  in  order  for  every  professional  to  understand  the  aim  of  their  job  and  
how  and  when  it  needs  to  be  done
...
 But,  as  there  maybe  lack  if  communication  and  team  work  it  results  to  a  breakdown  
in  the  interprofessional  working  and  it  becomes  unsuccessful
...
faculty
...
ac
...
   
One  of  the  interprofessional  working  is  for  example,  in  a  care  home  there  is  a  patient  who  is  
difficult  to  handle  and  wants  to  be  discharged  as  soon  as  possible  and  in  order  to  release  
him  all  the  care  professionals  must  give  him  a  lot  of  physio,  he  needs  OT  input  and  as  he  has  
expressive  dysphagia  it  means  he  has  to  communicate  from  speech  and  language
...
 As  a  result,  the  patient  has  had  a  positive  experience,  which  
conveys  the  importance  of  interprofessional  working  as  it  ensures  that  the  patient  is  
discharged  from  the  care  home  safely  and  successfully  as  physiotherapy,  occupational  
therapy,  speech  and  language  therapy  and  nursing  was  available  to  the  patient  and  as  all  
the  different  professionals  were  working  together  it  had  improved  the  health  of  the  patient
...
 As  a  result,  interprofessional  working  can  have  a  negative  
impact  on  the  patient  and  the  professionals  because  as  the  patient  has  to  see  different  
professionals  it  can  upset  them  about  their  condition  because  they  may  feel  that  their  
condition  is  very  serious  and  it  could  depress  and  distress  them  about  their  condition
...
 The  
lung  cancer  specialist  orders  oxygen  for  the  patient  so  there  is  one  available  at  home  in  case  
of  emergencies
...
 
But,  the  disadvantage  of  interprofessional  working  is  that  working  with  many  professionals  
can  confuse  the  patient  about  there  condition  and  cause  issues  such  as  not  being  aware  of  

Roya  Siddiqi  

what  treatment  is  being  done  when  and  why  therefore,  it  could  waste  a  lot  of  time  if  
appointments  are  missed  which  will  then  cause  a  delay  in  the  treatment
...
faculty
...
ac
...
 

LO4-­‐4
...
     
Firstly,  when  the  children  arrive  to  the  nursery  the  teachers  and  I  sit  them  down  in  a  circle  
and  have  circle  time  which  is  when  the  children  have  to  greet  each  other  and  then  they  sing  
some  nursery  rhymes  just  to  start  of  the  day  and  get  all  the  children  engaged
...
 Therefore,  firstly  I  try  to  convince  them  to  come  to  the  circle  time  by  
taking  a  toy  with  me  in  the  circle  and  sitting  them  down  next  to  me  so  they  can  play  with  
the  toy  and  take  part  in  the  circle  time  but,  sometimes  some  children  just  run  around  and  
does  not  want  to  take  part  in  the  circle  time  at  all  so  I  must  keep  an  eye  on  them  and  play  
with  them
...
 Therefore,  my  responsibility  is  for  example  when  they  are  cooking  
something  such  as  pizza  and  they  want  to  have  picnic  I  have  to  ask  them  question  such  as  
what  vegetables  are  there  in  your  pizza  and  they  would  reply  tomato,  onion,  peppers  and  
other  vegetable  so  this  way  it  helps  to  widen  their  knowledge  as  they  tell  me  what  
vegetables  they  put  in  the  pizza
...
   
Then,  after  they  have  played  around  it  is  then  their  snack  time  where  they  eat  any  fruits  
that  they  have  brought  with  them  from  home
...
 My  duty  is  to  
make  sure  that  they  children  eat  their  fruit  only  and  not  their  lunch  for  example,  there  is  
one  child  who  always  has  her  apple  juice  and  leaves  her  fruits  so  before  she  takes  her  bag  I  
must  take  her  apple  juice  away  from  her  before  she  sees  it  so  this  way  she  can  eat  her  fruits  
and  not  be  aware  of  the  apple  juice
...
       
LO4-­‐4
...
   
Firstly,  one  of  the  policies  is  equality  and  diversity  so  this  policy  provides  a  secure  
environment  in  which  all  children’s  contributions  are  valued,  they  provide  positive  non-­‐
stereotyping  information  about  different  ethnic  groups  and  people  with  disabilities
...
 Also,  I  treat  
every  child  equally  and  I  make  sure  I  do  not  favour  one  more  than  the  other  so  it  prevents  
favouritism  which  could  upset  one  child  as  they  would  feel  that  they  are  not  likeable  like  the  
other  children
...
 Then,  if  this  incident  gets  repeated  with  another  child  I  
use  the  same  method  so  the  other  child  does  not  feel  that  they  are  being  treated  differently  
to  the  other  child
...
 Also,  as  wide  ranges  of  festivals  are  celebrated  it  
helps  other  children  to  learn  about  other  ethnicities  and  their  culture  and  it  prevents  
discrimination  in  the  future,  which  is  an  advantage  because  children  will  learn  to  respect  
other  cultures  and  not  treat  others  with  different  ethnicity  differently
...
 This  
means  that  they  won’t  be  able  to  contribute  to  the  activities  that  go  on  in  the  nursery,  
which  means  that  they  won’t  be  able  to  widen  their  knowledge  and  learn  new  things  each  
day
...
littlestarsnursery-­‐
london
...
uk/nurseries/541/docs/LITTLE%20STARS_Equality%20and%20Diversity
...
 Also,  as  most  of  the  staff  is  first  
aid  trained  it  means  that  in  case  of  any  accidents  there  is  a  staff  that  will  be  able  to  take  
good  care  of  the  child  and  the  parents  are  always  informed
...
 My  
contribution  to  this  policy  is  that  I  make  sure  that  I  am  aware  of  all  the  hazards  around  the  
nursery  so  I  make  sure  that  no  child  is  left  alone  because  it  could  cause  harm  to  them,  I  
educated  myself  on  what  the  procedure  there  is  when  I  need  to  protect  a  child  by  reading  
their  policy  and  procedure  book
...
   
Therefore,  the  advantages  of  my  contribution  is  that  I  make  sure  that  children  are  protected  
from  anything  in  the  nursery  which  means  that  it  creates  a  safe  environment  for  them  and  
their  parents  can  feel  in  ease  when  they  leave  their  child  because  they  trust  the  teachers  
and  me  because  we  are  working  for  the  best  interest  of  their  child
...
 
On  the  other  hand,  however  the  disadvantages  of  not  contributing  to  the  policy  is  for  
example,  if  hazards  are  not  limited  in  the  nursery  it  means  that  the  children  are  at  more  risk  
of  being  injured  from  something  that  may  have  a  sharp  edge  or  something  could  fall  on  to  
the  child  and  cause  a  serious  injury  which  means  that  the  nursery  could  get  a  bad  reputation  
and  the  parents  may  not  trust  the  nursery  anymore  and  then  one  day  other  parents  would  
not  want  to  send  their  children  to  this  nursery  and  lastly  the  nursery  could  even  be  sued  and  
then  closed  down
...
gov
...
scie
...
uk/publications/ataglance/ataglance41
...
nmc-­‐uk
...
pdf  
8/01/2015  
http://www
...
ac
...
pdf  
https://www
...
uk/government/publications/safeguarding-­‐children-­‐and-­‐young-­‐
people/safeguarding-­‐children-­‐and-­‐young-­‐people  
http://www
...
ac
...
aspx    
https://www
...
uk/government/publications/safeguarding-­‐children-­‐and-­‐young-­‐
people/safeguarding-­‐children-­‐and-­‐young-­‐people  (2014)  (Accessed:  2  March  2015)
...
simplypsychology
...
html  (Accessed:  17  December  2014)
...
webmd
...
simplypsychology
...
html  (Accessed:  17  December  2014)  
http://psychology
...
com/od/piagetstheory/a/keyconcepts
...
 
http://www
...
com/elisabeth_kubler_ross_five_stages_of_grief
...
businessdictionary
...
html  (no  date)(Accessed:  23  March  
2015)  
 

http://www
...
com/dictionary/british/isolation  (2014)  (Accessed:  23  
March  2015)  
 
http://www
...
com/nursing_theory/Selye's_stress_theory
...
faculty
...
ac
...
 
http://www
...
co
...
pdf    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Reference  List    
(Cuthbert,  Quallington,  pg  25,  2008
...
 Values  for  Care  Practice  
 
 
 
http://www
...
org/piaget
...
 
http://www
...
com/children/piaget-­‐stages-­‐of-­‐development    (Accessed:  17  December  
Available  at:  http://www
...
org/piaget
...
about
...
htm  (no  date)  (Accessed:  17  
December  2014)
...
businessballs
...
htm  (no  date)  (Accessed:  
10  March  2015)  
http://www
...
com/definition/marginalization
...
macmillandictionary
...
currentnursing
...
html  (2013)  
(Accessed:  1  April  2015)  
Selye  H
...
 edn
...
 
 
Selye  H
...
 Reading,  MA:  Butterworth,  1976
...
 [Edrs]  
...
 10th  edition
...
 
 
https://explorable
...
faculty
...
ac
...
littlestarsnursery-­‐
london
...
uk/nurseries/541/docs/LITTLE%20STARS_Equality%20and%20Diversity
Title: Principles of Health and Social care Practice
Description: HNC- UNIT 2