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Outline and evaluate Bowlby’s evolutionary theory of
attachment
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This is the person who interacts best with, and
responds most sensitively to the infant’s needs
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Remaining in close proximity to the caregiver
allows the child to remain protected against predators and also ensure it gets the basic
necessities to live during a time where it is unable to fend for itself
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The PCG will
reciprocate because responding to the child and ensuring it is safe means that the 9 month
investment made is not wasted by the child dying from diseases
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The attachment enables the infant to learn about and safely explore their
emotional and social world resulting in the formation of an internal working model of
relationships
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If attachment does not occur in this time period it would be very difficult for
a child to create attachments later
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A study
conducted by Sroufe et al (1999) where he followed a group, aged 12 months to
adolescence
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At the end
of the experiment, his results showed that those children who were rated as being securely
attached was more popular and had higher self‐esteem and confidence, this indicates that
social competence was linked with early attachment supporting Bowlby’s views of long term
benefits of attachment
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These evidence dismisses the critical period of Bowlby’s theory, as
it shows that even though the twins were not able to form any attachments for a long time
after the critical period, they still were able to form attachments in the end
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The learning theory provides
an adequate explanation of how attachment is formed, it seems highly likely that simple
association between the provision of needs essential for survival and the person providing
those needs can lead to strong attachments
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