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Learning MS -DOS Basi cs - A Tutorial
This tutorial gives you an opportunity to try basic MS-DOS commands
...

MS-DOS displays this information to let you know how it is configuring your computer
...
When the information stops scrolling past, you'll see the
following:
C:\>
This is called the command prompt or DOS prompt
...
The cursor shows where the command you
type will appear
...

•

To type a command at the command prompt
1
...

2
...

You must press ENTER after every command you type
...
Because nul is not a valid MS-DOS command, MS-DOS
displays the "Bad command or file name" message
...


Now, type the following command at the command prompt:
ver
The following message appears on your screen:
MS-DOS version 6
...
The
dir command stands for "directory
...


Type the following at the command prompt:
dir
A list similar to the following appears:
Volume in drive C is MS-DOS_6
...
A directory list is a list of all the files and
subdirectories that a directory contains
...
All the files and
directories on your drive are stored in the root directory
...
All the names that have beside them are
directories
...
In this case, you will change
to the DOS directory
...

o

To make sure you have a directory named Windows
1
...
The cd command stands for
"change directory
...


Type the following at the command prompt:
cd windows
The command prompt changes
...


o

To view a list of the files in the WINDOWS directory

1
...

You can modify the dir command so that it displays only one screen of information at a
time
...


Type the following at the command prompt:
dir /p
One screen of information appears
...


2
...

Repeat this step until the command prompt appears at the bottom of your screen
...
A switch modifies the way MS-DOS carries out a command
...

When you used the /p switch with the dir command, you specified that MS-DOS should
pause after it displays each screen of directory list information
...
The /w
switch indicates that MS-DOS should show a wide version of the directory list
...
Type the following at the command prompt:
dir /w
The directory list appears, with the filenames listed in wide format
...
No information about the files' size or date and time of creation
appears
...


If the directory contains more files than will fit on one screen, you can combine the /p
and /w switches as follows:
dir /w /p

Changing Back to the Root Directory
Next, you will change from the DOS directory to the root directory
...

Before you begin this section, make sure your command prompt looks like the
following:
C:\DOS>
o

To change to the root directory

1
...

No matter which directory you are in, this command always returns you to the
root directory of a drive
...
It is simply
referred to by a backslash (\)
...


Creating a Directory
In this section, you will create two directories
...
Before
you begin this section, make sure the command prompt looks like the following:
C:\>
To create a directory, you will use the md command
...
"
o

To create and change to a directory named FRUIT

1
...
You won't see the new FRUIT
directory until you carry out the dir command in the next step
...
To confirm that you successfully created the FRUIT directory, type the
following at the command prompt:
dir
or
dir /p
Look through the directory list
...
To change to the new FRUIT directory, type the following at the command
prompt:
cd fruit
The command prompt should now look like the following:
C:\FRUIT>
You will now create a directory within the FRUIT directory, named GRAPES
...
Type the following at the command prompt:
md grapes
You will not see the new GRAPES directory until you carry out the dir command in the
next step
...
To confirm that you successfully created the GRAPES directory, type the following at the
command prompt:
dir
A list similar to the following appears:
Volume in drive C is MS-DOS-6
Volume Serial Number is lE49-15E2
Directory of C:\FRUIT

...

GRAPES





09-25-93 12:08p
09-25-93 12:08p
09-25-93 12:10p
3 file(s) 0 bytes
11534336 bytes free

Note that there are three entries in the FRUIT directory
...
There are two other entries---one looks like a single period (
...
These directory entries are important to MSDOS, but you can ignore them
...

The GRAPES directory is a subdirectory of the FRUIT directory
...
Subdirectories are useful if you want to further
subdivide information
...
To change to the GRAPES directory, type the following at the command prompt:
cd grapes
The command prompt should now look like the following:
C:\FRUIT\GRAPES>
4
...

The command prompt should now look like the following:
C:\FRUIT>

When the cd command is followed by two periods (
...
In this case, you moved up one level from the
GRAPES directory to the FRUIT directory
...
Deleting a directory is also useful if you type the wrong
name when you are creating a directory and you want to delete the incorrect
directory before creating a new one
...
Before you begin this
section, make sure the command prompt looks like the following:
C:\FRUIT>
To delete a directory, use the rd command
...
"
o

To delete the GRAPES directory

1
...


To confirm that you successfully deleted the GRAPES directory, type the following at the
command prompt:
dir
The GRAPES directory should no longer appear in the directory list
...
Before you can delete a
directory, you must make the directory that is one level higher the current
directory
...
at the command prompt
...
Changing drives is useful if you
want to work with files that are on a different drive
...
You have other drives you can use
to store information
...
The
files and directories on drive A are located on the floppy disk in the drive
...
)
Before you begin this section, make sure your command prompt looks like the
following:
C:\FRUIT>

o

To change to and view files on a different drive
1
...
5" floppy disk in drive A label- side up
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1
...
Place the disk label-side
up in the disk drive, and make sure the disk clicks into the disk drive
...
If this message appears again, press F for Fail, and then type b: at the command
prompt
...

There must be a floppy disk in the drive that you want to change to
...


Change back to drive C by typing the following at the command prompt:
c:
Your command prompt should return to the following:
C:\FRUIT>
When you type a drive letter followed by a colon, you change to that drive
...
Unless
you specify otherwise, any commands you type are carried out on the current drive and in
the current directory
...
You can also carry out a command on a drive that isn't current
...


o

To view the contents of the WINDOWS directory on drive C

1
...


Copying Files
This section describes how to copy a single file and a group of files
...
This is useful for
many reasons
...

To copy a file, you will use the copy command
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The first is the location and name of the file you want to
copy, or the source
...
You separate the source and destination with a space
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exe files from the WINDOWS directory to the FRUIT
directory
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The
difference between the two methods is explained at the end of this section
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EXE files from the WINDOWS directory to the FRUIT directory

1
...
Make sure the file you are going to copy, NOTEPAD
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dir notepad
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To copy the NOTEPAD
...
exe c:\fruit
The following message appears:

1 file(s) copied
4
...


Renaming Files
This section explains how to rename files
...

To rename a file, you will use the ren command
...
" When you use
the ren command, you must include two parameters
...
You separate the two
names with a space
...
TXT file
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To rename the NOTEPAD
...
TXT, type the following at the command
prompt:

ren notpad
...
txt
2
...
If you don’t
have very much disk space, deleting files you no longer use is essential
...
The del command stands for "delete
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Before you begin, make sure your command prompt looks like the following:

C:\FRUIT>
To delete the PEARCOM and PEAR
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Delete the PADNOTE
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TXT
2
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Before you begin this section, make sure your command prompt looks like the following:

C:\FRUIT>
To delete files in the current directory that end with the extension OLD by using wildcards

1
...
old
A list of all the files that end with the extension OLD appears
...
When you are deleting files by using wildcards, this step is very important
...

2
...
old
3
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Now that the FRUIT directory is empty, you can delete it by using the rd (remove directory) command that
you learned to use in "Deleting a Directory" earlier in this chapter
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Return to the root directory by typing the following at the command prompt:
cd \
2
...
Remove the FRUIT directory by typing the following at the command prompt:
rd fruit
4
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Title: basic concepts of MS-DOS
Description: notes related to basic concept of ms-dos

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