Notesale: Turn your study into money

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Scientific Method
The scientific method is a logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating
hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulation theories that are supported by data
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Observation often involves making measurements and collecting
data
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Numerical information, such as the
fact that a sample of copper ore has a mass of 25
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Non-numerical information, such as the fact that the
sky is blue, is qualitative
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A system is a specific portion of matter in
a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation
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Formulating Hypotheses
As scientists examine and compare the data from their own experiments, they attempt to find relationships and patterns--in other words, they make generalizations based on the data
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To make generalizations, data are sometimes organized in tables and analyzed using statistics or other
mathematical techniques
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The hypothesis serves as a basis for making predictions and for carrying out further experiments
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The “then” part of the hypothesis is a prediction that is the basis for testing by
experiment
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During
testing, the experimental conditions that remain constant are called controls, and any condition that changes is called a
variable
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IF testing reveals that the predictions were
not correct, the hypothesis on which the predictions were based must be discarded or modified
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A model in science is more than a physical object it is
often an explanation of how phenomena occur and how data or events are related
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One important model in chemistry is the atomic model of matter, which states that matter is composed of
tiny particles called atoms
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The
atomic model is a part of the atomic theory
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Theories are considered successful if they can predict the results of many new experiments

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