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Title: Anatomy and Physiology 1
Description: These notes include chapters 7,8,9 of A&P 1. They are well organized, cheaply priced, considering they took me 3 hours to complete and organize them, so they would be easily understandable. Chapter 7- Skeletal System- Bone structure and function Chapter 8-Skeletal System- Axial and Appendicular system Chapter 9- Skeletal System- Articulations
Description: These notes include chapters 7,8,9 of A&P 1. They are well organized, cheaply priced, considering they took me 3 hours to complete and organize them, so they would be easily understandable. Chapter 7- Skeletal System- Bone structure and function Chapter 8-Skeletal System- Axial and Appendicular system Chapter 9- Skeletal System- Articulations
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Chapter 7
1
Diaphysis
shaft of a long bone
2
...
Articular Cartilage
thin layer of hyaline cartilage, covering epiphysis
4
...
Periosteum
membrane covering bone
6
...
Trabeculae
internal struts
8
...
Osteocytes
mature bone cells, maintain
10
...
Compact bone(dense)
continuous matrix with no gaps that provides protection and support
...
Spongy bone(cancellous)
trabeculae with lots of space filled with red marrow
...
Volkmann's canal
small channels in the bone that transmit blood vessels from the
periosteum into the bone that communicate with the Haversian Canal; provide energy and
nourishing elements for osteons
14
...
Canaliculi
small channel or duct
16
...
Epiphyseal plate
a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone
18
...
Sesamoid bone
small independent bone developed in a tendon where it passes over and
angular structure
20
...
Osteoporosis
bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, as a result of hormonal
changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D
22
...
Red Bone Marrow
hematopoietic(blood cell forming) and contains reticular connective
tissue, immature blood cells, and fat
...
Yellow Bone Marrow
red marrow in the medullary cavities turns into yellow marrow; fatty
substance
2
...
Fracture Types:
simple the bone doesn’t penetrate the skin
compound one or both ends of the broken bone pierce the skin
spiral fracture spirals around axis of long bone; results from twisting stress
greenstick partial fracture; one side of bone breaksthe other side is bent
impacted one fragment of the bone is firmly driven into the other
displaced fractured bone parts are out of anatomic alignment
4
...
Chapter 8
1
...
Appendicular Skeleton
bones of arms, legs, pelvic and pectoral girdle
3
...
Orbits
cavities with eyes, muscles, lacrimal glands formed by parts of 7 bones
5
...
Atlas
no body or spinous process
1
...
It articulates the right and left parietal bones
...
It represents the articulation between the anterior frontal bone and the more posterior parietal
bones
...
Shape resembles greek letter “Lambda”
Squamous suture
on each side of the skull articulates the temporal bone and the parietal bone
of that side
...
2
...
Hyoid bone
the only bone that does not articulate with any other bone
4
...
True Ribs
Ribs 17, connect individually to the sternum by separate cartilaginous extensions
called costal cartilages
...
Collarbone
Clavicle
Shinbone
Tibia
rist bones
W
Carpal
Heel bone
Calcaneus
FInger bones
Phalanx
Kneecap
Patella
Largest bone in the body
Femur
Ankle bones
Talus
Chapter 9
1
...
Ligaments
bundles of collagen that connect bone to bone and reinforce joints
3
...
Burse
a fluidfilled sac or saclike cavity, especially one countering friction at a joint
5
...
Dislocation
disturbance from a proper, original, or usual place or state
7
...
Arthritis
painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints
9
...
Meniscus
a thin fibrous cartilage between the surfaces of some joints
11
...
Synovial Fluid
a transparent viscid lubricating fluid secreted by a membrane of an
articulation, bursa, or tendon sheath
1
...
Fibrous joint
no joint cavity and occurs where bones are held together by dense regular
connective tissue
...
Tooth to Jaw
Suture
dense regular connective tissue connects skull to bones, Ex
...
Articulation
between radius and ulna, and tibia and fibula
Cartilaginous
joint no joint cavity and occurs where bones are joined by cartilage
Synchondrosis
hyaline cartilage between bones, Ex
...
Pubic symphysis
Synovial Joint
a fluidfilled cavity that separates the articulating surfaces of the bones;
enclosed within a connective tissue capsule, and the bones are attached by various ligaments
Plane joint
flattened or slightly curved faces slide across one another, Ex
...
elbow joint, knee joint
Pivot joint
bone with a rounded surface fits into a ring formed by a ligament and
another bone, Ex
...
hip joint
3
...
At the elbow, the trochlea of the humerus articulates with the
scapula
(bone) and the
capitulum with the
radius
(bone)
...
ACL and PCL are located in the knee
...
6
...
Rheumatoid arthritis
a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting many joints, including those in
the hands and feet
Title: Anatomy and Physiology 1
Description: These notes include chapters 7,8,9 of A&P 1. They are well organized, cheaply priced, considering they took me 3 hours to complete and organize them, so they would be easily understandable. Chapter 7- Skeletal System- Bone structure and function Chapter 8-Skeletal System- Axial and Appendicular system Chapter 9- Skeletal System- Articulations
Description: These notes include chapters 7,8,9 of A&P 1. They are well organized, cheaply priced, considering they took me 3 hours to complete and organize them, so they would be easily understandable. Chapter 7- Skeletal System- Bone structure and function Chapter 8-Skeletal System- Axial and Appendicular system Chapter 9- Skeletal System- Articulations