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Title: Hamlet
Description: Martin Wiggins argues that, in the Jacobean era, “female honour was associated largely with female chastity” and that “second marriages troubled the male imagination. Discuss in regards to Shakespeare's Hamlet.
Description: Martin Wiggins argues that, in the Jacobean era, “female honour was associated largely with female chastity” and that “second marriages troubled the male imagination. Discuss in regards to Shakespeare's Hamlet.
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Louise Conka
Martin Wiggins argues that, in the Jacobean era, “female honour was associated largely
with female chastity” and that “second marriages troubled the male imagination
...
Chastity and second marriages; how significant were they during the Jacobean
era? Although both Shakespeare and Webster were from different times, they both
similarly reflect these specific themes through their characters
...
Overtime,
audiences views have changed in both plays
...
Male deviance caused women to be
dependant on men which is seen as shocking in a modern day audience, men view
women differently and chastity is now less important
...
To remarry was seen to be a social crime, but
remarrying out of class was far worse
...
Therefore it would have been wise if the Duchess
maintained appropriate behaviour by choosing not to marry Antonio
...
This highlights how improper it was to remarry
as the use of “strumpet” is strong, harsh and gritty
...
Protestants
especially believed that it was disturbing because remarriages were not allowed
...
He says it makes the world seem like a “rank”
garden and says “Let me not think on’t” (Shakespeare:I:ii:146) which emphasises his
objection to this mother’s fast second marriage
...
His health is failing and predicts that his wife will
remarry
...
However, this is ironic as
Gertrude
has remarried and when Hamlet asks her what is her opinion of the play she
says, “The lady doth protest too much, methinks” (Shakespeare:III:ii:211)
...
Moreover, audience’s can recognise that Hamlet is hurt by his
mother’s remarriage as he says
"O, that this too too solid flesh would melt
...
This soliloquy implies
that Hamlet is shocked at his mother’s quick remarriage and even becomes fascinated
Louise Conka
by death to the point of contemplating suicide
...
It could also be a metaphor to describe Hamlet’s world which is
considered to be rotting
...
In
Hamlet
, Gertrude
desires affection and uses Claudius to fulfil her need for protection
...
For example, she immediately turned to her new husband after
her encounter with her son
...
Ophelia also looks to her father and brother to guide
her but looks to Hamlet to comfort her and love her
...
For example,
her loyalty is accentuated when she gives into Polonious’ scheme to stay away from
Hamlet and spy on him
...
Such as when she and Hamlet go separate ways,
when her brother, Laertes, leaves to go abroad and when Polonious dies
...
The violets are perhaps symbolic
of loyalty and devotion before her father passed away
...
Male deviance is later suggested when she speaks to the audience in
Act III for the only time, she presents herself as entirely a victim of Hamlet’s rough
treatment
...
However, this
could be argued because after her husband died, similar to Gertrude, she remarried
perhaps for equal reasons such as comfort and to prevent loneliness
...
For instance, it was her choice to
remarry although her brothers said it would be foolish, she disobeyed them which
signals great determination
...
Hamlet, Antonio, Ferdinand and the Cardinal have conflicting views against
women
...
This negative attitude and hatred
of women occurs throughout the play
...
Hamlet is being bitter by referring to his mother as
Louise Conka
weak morally and physically due to her betrayal and perhaps her incestuous nature
...
Hamlet refers to his father as a “hyperion”
which is a Titan in classical mythology and refers to his mother as a creature down the
social scale which is halfgoat and halfman distinguished for drunken and obscene
behaviour
...
He refers to women as “breeders of sin” (Shakespeare:III:i:119120)
which shows he perceives them as low
...
Furthermore, Hamlet even mocks Ophelia when he says, “Get thee to a
nunnery” (Shakespeare:III:i:119) where he is commanding Ophelia to go to a convent to
prevent her from giving birth to outlaws which is very misogynistic
...
He soon wanted a divorce but this was impossible as Roman
Catholics believed in eternal marriage
...
Therefore this
had a great impact on people as they did not know what to follow anymore
...
For example, “I did love you once”
(Shakespeare:III:i:114)
...
For
example she says, “I do not know my lord what I should think” (Shakespeare:I:iii:104)
...
This is supported by
a critic who says, “
Shakespeare gives us very little information from which to imagine a
past for Ophelia
...
This could also be said for Gertrude which ultimately emphasises how
women did not have a place in society
...
Whereas Ophelia suffered from oppression, the Duchess was passionate,
courageous and strong for being independent by disobeying her brothers and following
her heart as she married Antonio
...
Women were considered as a property
of males and were to have no rights and no education
...
Additionally,
the Duchess’ brothers share misogynistic views
...
For instance, “They are most
luxurious / Will wed twice” (Webster:I:i:2901)
...
Overall this indicates that
Louise Conka
in society women were commonly seen as fallen
...
Laertes tells Ophelia in Act 1 not to have
premarital sex with Hamlet
...
Laertes
takes a typical Elizabethan attitude towards female sexuality
...
Furthermore, Laertes’ description makes his sister appear promiscuous whilst dually
implying her chastity
...
However, Ophelia disobeys her
brother and belittles herself by giving up chastity for Hamlet
...
Especially as
the audience during the time were Protestant therefore frowned upon sex before
marriage
...
Webster had a recent and influential example of chastity: Queen
Elizabeth I, also known as the Virgin Queen, who contrasts with Ophelia significantly
...
She was a
strong protestant which meant that she was against sex before marriage
...
Queen Elizabeth I ruled during the Renaissance era, which was a
cultural movement over the 14th to 17th century, meaning literally “rebirth”
...
Gertrude is perceived as a woman
who is motivated by lust therefore is also dissimilar to Queen Elizabeth I
...
This perhaps links to the Oedipus complex
which is a psychoanalytic theory, a term used by Sigmund Freud to describe a boy’s
feelings of desire for his mother which results in jealousy or anger
...
To conclude, remarriage was wrong which was evident in both plays as it
disturbed male characters ence Wiggins’ statement was correct
...
Lastly, female honour was
greatly associated with chastity as Queen Elizabeth I was admired for her
independence
...
ucsc
...
html
“Frailty thy name is woman, Portraits of Ophelia”
Date Viewed: 26/04/12
Showalter, E 1985 http://en
...
org/wiki/Hamlet#cite_ref97
“Feminist”
Date Viewed: 26/04/12
Title: Hamlet
Description: Martin Wiggins argues that, in the Jacobean era, “female honour was associated largely with female chastity” and that “second marriages troubled the male imagination. Discuss in regards to Shakespeare's Hamlet.
Description: Martin Wiggins argues that, in the Jacobean era, “female honour was associated largely with female chastity” and that “second marriages troubled the male imagination. Discuss in regards to Shakespeare's Hamlet.