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Title: Easy Embedded Systems
Description: This notes of embedded systems are very helpful to me for understanding what an embedded is and what it does ? Also its features, applications , development life cycle , etc . I think this is the one you want to learn to make a good grade in your studies. - Simple Lucid Language -Easy to understand -IMPORTANT points are covered
Description: This notes of embedded systems are very helpful to me for understanding what an embedded is and what it does ? Also its features, applications , development life cycle , etc . I think this is the one you want to learn to make a good grade in your studies. - Simple Lucid Language -Easy to understand -IMPORTANT points are covered
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Topic 5 (18 M)
Embedded Systems
5
...
2 Software & Hardware development tools , IDE, Compiler,
Debugger, Simulator,
Emulator, In circuit Emulator(ICE), Target Board, Device Programmer
5
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An embedded system is one that has dedicated purpose software embedded in
computer hardware
...
It may be an
independent system or a part of large system
...
It is any device that includes a programmable computer but is not itself intended to be
a general purpose computer
...
A way of working, organizing or performing one or many tasks according to a fixed
set of rules, program or plan Also an arrangement in which all units assemble and
work together according to a program or plan
...
Embedded processor:
It is the heart of the embedded system
...
Control unit fetches instructions from memory and execution unit includes ALU and
circuits to perform execution of the instructions for a program control task An embedded
system processor chip can be one of the following:
2
...
These embedded systems are powered by external power supply e
...
USB based embedded system, network interface card, Graphics Accelerator etc
...
of instructions from starting address set by
default in program counter on power up
...
3
...
To schedule
various tasks and for real time programming an RTC (Real Time Clock), or system clock is
needed
...
Program & data memory:
In embedded system, secondary memory like disk is avoided
...
5
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6
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There are two types of ports ,parallel and
serial port
...
7
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Hence the I/O interface circuits are designed to drive such input and output
devices interfaced to the embedded processor
8
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They consist of ADC,DAC,
relays, sensors etc
...
A device driver has a set of routines (functions) used by a high-level language
programmer, which does the interaction with the device hardware, sends control
commands to the device, communicates data to the device and runs the codes for
reading device data
...
An ISR relates to a device driver command (device-function)
...
sensors
etc
...
2) It is difficult to upgrade the machine
3) Harder to carry files from one machine to another
Software embedded into system
Task:
An application program can also be said to be a program consisting of the tasks and task
behaviors in various states that are controlled by OS
...
Task term used for the process in the RTOS for the embedded systems
...
• Runs by executing the instructions and the continuous changes
of its state takes place as the program counter (PC) changes
...
The OS
can only block a running task and let another task gain access of CPU to run the servicing
codes
States of a Task in a system
(i) Idle state [Not attached or not registered]
(ii) Ready State [Attached or registered]
(iii) Running state
(iv) Blocked (waiting) state
(v) Delayed for a preset period
Embedded software development cycle
OR
Steps
1) Define the processor /processing device (family and version) for the target system
...
3) Define the processor registers for each step /module
...
5) Editor to edit source code files, initial data files , data and tables
...
7) Execute the source code to check the target system , else debug the source code
...
Device programmer:
Also called as laboratory programmer, a programming system for a application device
such as EPROM/ROM or Flash memory or microcontroller memory, PLA
...
i
...
personal computer through serial port
...
Target board
Target board or machine or system consists of1) A microprocessor or microcontroller,
2) ROM-memory of image of embedded system,
3) RAM- memory for implementation of stack, temporary variables and memory buffers
Peripheral devices and interfaces such as RS 232,10/100 base ethernet,parallel ports, USB etc
Example –A simple sample target system is as shown
The target board differs from the final system as it interfaces with personal computers
as well as work as a standalone system which requires a repeated downloading of the
codes during development phase in the flash memory
...
Once done with, the code is downloaded in ROM
(instead of flash memory) in the target system
...
The ICE is temporarily installed between the embedded system and an external
terminal or personal computer so that the programmer can observe and alter what
takes
...
e
...
e
...
Cross assembler:
It is useful to convert object codes for microcontrollers or processor to other codes for
another microcontrollers or processor and vice versa
...
They are
used to generate executables for embedded systems or multiple platforms
...
It is done during compilation also it can be done at run time
by a relocating loader
...
Simulators:
A simulator is the s/w that simulates a h/w unit like emulator, peripheral, network and I/O
devices on a PC
• It defines a processor or processing device as well as various versions for the target system
• Monitors the detailed information of as source code part with labels and symbols during the
execution for each single step
...
• Provides multiuser environment
• Supports conditional and unconditional break points
• Provide debugger
...
State various software tools available in IDE
...
State various advantages and disadvantages of embedded system
...
What is task in an embedded system? What are various states of a task?
4
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Draw the block diagram of embedded system
...
State various steps in software development cycle of an embedded system
...
Explain in brief:
(i) Device programmer
(ii) Target board
Title: Easy Embedded Systems
Description: This notes of embedded systems are very helpful to me for understanding what an embedded is and what it does ? Also its features, applications , development life cycle , etc . I think this is the one you want to learn to make a good grade in your studies. - Simple Lucid Language -Easy to understand -IMPORTANT points are covered
Description: This notes of embedded systems are very helpful to me for understanding what an embedded is and what it does ? Also its features, applications , development life cycle , etc . I think this is the one you want to learn to make a good grade in your studies. - Simple Lucid Language -Easy to understand -IMPORTANT points are covered