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20
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 Viruses can reproduce only by infecting living cells
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 Viral Infections
 What happens after a virus infects a cell?
 Inside living cells, viruses use their genetic information to
make multiple copies of themselves
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Lytic Infections

 In a lytic infection, a virus enters a bacterial cell, makes
copies of itself, and causes the cell to burst, or lyse
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 A capsid settles on a cell, typically in the host's nose, and is
brought inside, where a viral protein makes many new
copies of the viral RNA
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 The new capsids assemble around the viral RNA copies,
and within 8 hours, the host cell releases hundreds of new
virus particles to infect other cells
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2 Prokaryotes
 Classifying Prokaryotes

 The smallest and most abundant microorganisms on Earth
are prokaryotses- unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus
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Prokaryote DNA is located in the cytoplasm
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 Bacteria
 Bigger than Archaea
 Have a strong cell wall

 May have flagella
 Archaea
 Cell walls don't have petidoglycon
 The DNA sequences are more like eukaryotes than
Prokaryotes
 Many live in really harsh environments
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