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What is a Noun?
A noun is a word used to name a person, animal, place, thing, and abstract idea
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The bold words in the following
sentence are all nouns:
Last year my mom bought a car
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Noun Plurals
Most nouns change their form to indicate number by adding "-s" or "-es", as illustrated in
the following pairs of sentences:
When I was small I rarely told the truth for fear of getting in trouble
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There are other nouns, which form the plural by changing the last letter before adding "s"
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Compared to other cities its much nicer
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Possessive Nouns
In the possessive case, a noun or pronoun changes its form to show that it owns or is
closely related to something else
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You can form the possessive case of a singular noun that does not end in "s" by adding an
apostrophe and "s," as in the following sentences:
The Presidency’s campaigns this year are dumb
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You can form the possessive case of a singular noun that ends in "s" by adding an
apostrophe alone or by adding an apostrophe and "s," as in the following examples:

The bus's seats are very uncomfortable
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You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that does not end in "s" by adding an
apostrophe and an "s," as in the following examples:
The children's mittens were scattered on the floor of the porch
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You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that does end in "s" by adding
an apostrophe:
The dog’s barking, the duck’s quacking, and the babies squalling interrupted the
concert
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Here the possessive noun "miner's" is used to modify the noun "face" and together with
the article "the," they make up the noun phrase that is the sentence's subject
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In this sentence, each possessive noun modifies a gerund The possessive noun "dogs"'
modifies "barking", "ducks"' modifies "quacking," and "babies"' modifies "squalling
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In this example the possessive noun "platypus's" modifies the noun "eggs" and the noun
phrase "the platypus's eggs" is the direct object of the verb "crushed
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In this sentence the possessive noun "squirrels"' is used to modify the noun "nest" and the
noun phrase "the squirrels' nest" is the object of the infinitive phrase "to locate
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As you know, you capitalize some nouns, such
as "Canada" or "Louise," and do not capitalize others, such as "badger" or "tree" (unless
they appear at the beginning of a sentence)
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You should note that a noun would
belong to more than one type: it will be proper or common, abstract or concrete, and
countable or non-countable or collective
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Proper Nouns
You always write a proper noun with a capital letter, since the noun represents the name
of a specific person, place, or thing
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A proper noun is the opposite of a common noun
In the following sentences, the proper noun is bold:
The bananas were transported to Jamaica
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Common Nouns
A common noun is a noun referring to a person, place, or thing in a general sense -usually; you should write it with a capital letter only when it begins a sentence
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In the following sentence, the common nouns are bold:
According to the sign, the nearest town is 60 miles away
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Concrete Nouns

A concrete noun is a noun, which names anything (or anyone) that you can perceive
through your physical senses: touch, sight, taste, hearing, or smell
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The bold words in the following sentences are all concrete nouns:
Whenever they take the dog to the beach, it spends hours chasing waves
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Abstract Nouns
An abstract noun is a noun, which names anything that you cannot perceive through your
five physical senses, and is the opposite of a concrete noun
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Collective Nouns
A collective noun is a noun naming a group of things, animals, or persons
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You need to be able to recognize collective nouns in order to
maintain subject-verb agreement
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In each of the following sentences, the bold word is a collective noun:
The flock of geese spends most of its time in the pasture
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The class was startled by the bursting light bulb
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