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Title: All You Need to Know About Theater
Description: Ranging from the most important people on theater, such as Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, to the most important types, such as Morality, Mystery, and Miracle, to the important historical moments, such as, Fall of Constantinople, Spread of the Printing Press, and Rediscovery of Seneca's Tragedies. Also includes, the different types of props, stages, and theater genres. Discusses Japanese Theater and Greek Theater. Touches on types of lighting equipment and uses. Includes types of Rehearsals and what they're used for, as well as other famous people in Theater such as Constantin Stanislavski, Lee Strasberg, and Uta Hagen.
Description: Ranging from the most important people on theater, such as Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, to the most important types, such as Morality, Mystery, and Miracle, to the important historical moments, such as, Fall of Constantinople, Spread of the Printing Press, and Rediscovery of Seneca's Tragedies. Also includes, the different types of props, stages, and theater genres. Discusses Japanese Theater and Greek Theater. Touches on types of lighting equipment and uses. Includes types of Rehearsals and what they're used for, as well as other famous people in Theater such as Constantin Stanislavski, Lee Strasberg, and Uta Hagen.
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Intro to Theater 101 at Holyoke Community College
The House – where the audience sits
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Mimetic Instinct – urge to copy someone
...
-‐ After WWII, breaks away from familiarity
o Desire o make things real
-‐ more intimacy than Proscenium
-‐ no frame or barrier
-‐ no exits/entrances (other than aisles)
o no “big” reveal
Thrust Stage:
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¾ audience stage (U shaped)
generally backstage area
best features of Proscenium Arena
o intimacy
o immersion
o single background
Globe was a thrust theater
o Until burned down & rebuilt
Aristotle’s 6 Elements of Tragedy
Aristotle describes six elements as essential for tragedy: plot, character, thought,
dialogue, melody, and spectacle
...
Plot
The most important element of a play according to Aristotle, is the
framework within it occurs the scope of the action
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Character
Character is the major ingredient for the advancement of the
action
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Characters need individually to cone across as
believably, yet similarly to others in order to arouse feelings of
empathy or identification
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Thought
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The play itself should be both
specific and general – the stay of an individual but with universal
appeal
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Dialog
Also commonly referred to as diction
...
It should suit the characters and help establish the tone
of the play, as well as the changing
...
Melody
Refers to the rhythm and flow of the language, which should
reflect the emotional content of the situation
...
Spectacle
The least important element according to Aristotle, is the scenery
and background
...
In creating such characters, a playwright takes certain traits
we can observe in friends or relatives and heightens them
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Most
exposition is presented through the dialogue
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2
...
4
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A play that relies on theme for
unity often is episodic; it does not build toward a single turning point and climax
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Such plays are thematic as well
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This gives comfort and a sense of continuity, a feeling that the world is ordered
...
They may start with a character or with a theme
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They examine something important or relevant in their lives
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They begin by examining their feelings
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They chose to write about something that arouses their curiosity
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They choose a subject or a situation that is haunting
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They begin with a real person, current or historical
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They begin with a set of circumstances
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They begin with a setting
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They adapt a play from another medium
...
Constantin Stanislavski
-‐1st person to develop system of acting
-‐Russian born
-‐Focused at first on psychological realism
-‐ 1898 developed the Moscow Art Theatre: Teaching system of acting
-‐1927 came to the U
...
: created Group Theater along with Lee Strasberg, Stella Adler,
and Samfurd Meisner
Uta Hagen
-‐Play the obstacles, not the emotion
-‐Using an actable objective
-‐Believed in “doing”, engaging mind/body in a goal
-‐Learn everything you can about the character’s world
-‐Emphasized script analysis
-‐No one “just” does anything
...
Lee Strasberg
-‐Emotional recall: emotional memory
-‐Sense memory
-‐Awakening your inner temperament
Stanford Meisner
-‐The reality of doing
-‐Revolves around spontaneity-‐impulse
-‐Listening and responding
-‐Memorize lines without emotion to allow for impulse and realistic reactions
onstage
-‐More focus on the other character than oneself
-‐Behaving with instinct
Stella Adler
-‐Imagination
-‐instead of an actor’s personal past or emotional memory, actors are to rely on their
imagination
-‐Drama depends on doing, not feeling
...
-‐“The play is not in words, It’s In you
...
Different Types of Rehearsals
Reading Rehearsals:
-‐ Table work
-‐ For both actors and the director is to come to an understanding of
the basic action an motivation
-‐ Read through
-‐ The director may show sketches and floor plans to the actors so
they can better visualize the action
Blocking Rehearsals:
-‐ Stage movement
-‐ Gilbert and Sullivan in the 1900s
-‐ Add blocks
-‐ Set up model on stage
-‐
Tells visual story of the play
Character and Line Rehearsals:
-‐ Director usually encourages the actors to experiment in building
their roles
-‐ Characters begin to come to life
-‐ Projecting lines
Finishing Rehearsals:
-‐ Action, interaction, delivery, and interpretation are refined
-‐ Discuss inconsistencies
-‐ Director concentrates on the three broad aspects of movement
o Pace
o Timing
o Rhythm
Technical Rehearsals:
-‐ The director will devote attention to the technical aspects
-‐ Correcting minor details with the various stage technicians
-‐ Two to three tech rehearsals
Dress Rehearsals:
-‐ Tryout of the production
-‐ Two rehearsals in full costume
-‐ Actors can get accustomed to playing to an audience
-‐ Call rehearsals to correct inconsistencies that have crept into the
performance
3 Types of Props
Hand Props:
-‐ Things used
-‐ Held in hands
-‐ Common examples: cigarettes, pens, pencils, etc
...
Set Dressing:
-‐ Decorations
-‐ May move or may not
-‐ Frames with pictures and etc
Lights
Episoidal:
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Spot light
Many different looks
Manipulate to look like leaves & etc
...
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Looks like fog light in light houses
“Fill light”
Blends spotlights together
Gel frames still applicable
Frenzel:
Japanese Theater:
Drama in Japan evolved from ritual dances, increasing in importance after the
seventeenth century A
...
Kabuki:
-‐ The name Kabuki comes from the deogrpaphs:
o Ka meaning song
o Bu meaning dance
o Ki meaning prostitute
§ Or later, due to ninettenth century objections, skill
-‐ Early on, the troupes were made out of women
o Due to lose morals, banned in 1629
§ Then came the troupes made up of men
• Banned in 1652 on the same grounds
-‐ Evolved into the prevalent form between 1675 – 1750
o Consists of improvised sketches introduced into
performances of dance
...
-‐ Dance is the basis of Kabuki and is expected to mirror the verbal
text by distilling emotions and actions into stylized movement and
posture
...
Greek Theater:
Dithyrambs:
-‐ The origin of western theatre
-‐ Began some time before the 6th century B
...
o With dithyrambs, or hymns
§ Sang to Dionysus, the god of wine and harvests
§ Related episodes from his life
Greek Chorus:
-‐ Introduction of an actor added dialogue
Satyr Play and Tragedy:
-‐ Came out of the ecclesiastical part of the celebration
-‐ Ribald form of comedy
o First appearance of folkloric figure of Silenus
§ A water spirit
§ Accompanied by the satyrs
o Written by a playwright to be presented in the afternoon of
the day on which his tragedies also were to be produced
...
C
...
C
...
o Central character always has a tragic flaw that brings about
his or her downfall
...
C
...
The chorus is of much less importance
o Serving largely as a mouthpiece for the playwright rather
than as a part of the action
Greek Comedy:
-‐ Developed after tragedy
-‐ Considered inferior
-‐ Plots were more complicated than those of tragedies
o But were more episodic
-‐ Comic characters were ordinary people
In essence, tragedy dealt with what human kind should be, while comedy dealt with
what it actually was
...
C
...
This is the form that began in the church, but later moved
outdoors
...
These dramas emphasized such things as
miraculous power and divine intervention in people’s lives
...
Morality Plays:
These were most popular between the fifteenth century and the mid-‐sixteenth
century
...
Morality plays were
popular in England more than anywhere else, although they also were presented on
the continent of Europe
...
Three Important Drama-‐Related Events:
Fall of Constantinople:
First is the fall of Constantinople to the Turks in 1453
...
The middle class had begun its rise and guilds and academics were becoming the
lifeblood of culture
...
Rediscovery of Seneca’s Tragedies:
The third change occurred in 1429 when Michaela’s of Cusa, a young graduate in
law, discovered twelve Senecon tragedies, hitherto known only by name
Title: All You Need to Know About Theater
Description: Ranging from the most important people on theater, such as Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, to the most important types, such as Morality, Mystery, and Miracle, to the important historical moments, such as, Fall of Constantinople, Spread of the Printing Press, and Rediscovery of Seneca's Tragedies. Also includes, the different types of props, stages, and theater genres. Discusses Japanese Theater and Greek Theater. Touches on types of lighting equipment and uses. Includes types of Rehearsals and what they're used for, as well as other famous people in Theater such as Constantin Stanislavski, Lee Strasberg, and Uta Hagen.
Description: Ranging from the most important people on theater, such as Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, to the most important types, such as Morality, Mystery, and Miracle, to the important historical moments, such as, Fall of Constantinople, Spread of the Printing Press, and Rediscovery of Seneca's Tragedies. Also includes, the different types of props, stages, and theater genres. Discusses Japanese Theater and Greek Theater. Touches on types of lighting equipment and uses. Includes types of Rehearsals and what they're used for, as well as other famous people in Theater such as Constantin Stanislavski, Lee Strasberg, and Uta Hagen.