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Perfume
© 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 by David A
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, All rights reserved

The word perfume derives from the Latin "per fumum", meaning through smoke
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Knowledge of perfumery came to Europe as early as the 14th century due partially to the spread of Islam
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The art
of perfumery prospered in Renaissance Italy, and in the 16th century, Italian refinements were taken to
France by Catherine de' Medici’s personal perfumer, Rene le Florentin
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France quickly became the European center of perfume and cosmetic manufacture
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During the Renaissance period, perfumes were used primarily by the wealthy to mask body odors
resulting from infrequent bathing
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By the 18th century, aromatic plants were being grown in the Grasse region of France to provide
the growing perfume industry with raw materials
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Essential oils for perfumes
The essential oils used in perfumes are classified according to volatility, or the rate they diffuse into the
air:
 Base notes, are the least volatile and will last for a longer period of time
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

Middle notes tend to be floral or spicy and give body to blends
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

Top notes are the most volatile and are first perceptible odors from a perfume
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Some of the oils used as base notes are frankincense, myrrh, sandalwood and vanilla
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Top notes are bergamot, juniper berry, cedarwood, lavender, geranium, gardenia, cinnamon, and clove
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Eau de perfumes
are usually formulated in oils and are normally clear and generally have an amber color due to the natural
color of the oils
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Various sources differ considerably in the definitions of
perfume types
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Sometimes listed as "eau de perfume" or "millésime"
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This may be several hours or a few days
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When buying perfumes,
try to get testers or samples so you can learn how that blend reacts to your skin and how the aromas will
behave over time
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We will also make
a simple rose-sandalwood blend
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This will produce a clear, amber colored perfume
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You can also make perfumes using pure ethyl alcohol (commonly sold as Everclear), or, if not available,
use 100 proof Vodka (a 50% alcohol solution in water)
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Note: Alcohol based
perfumes may be cloudy and may separate over time
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Bottles of essential oils often have dropper-type stoppers in them
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Use a separate dropper for each oil
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Replace the bottle cap immediately after use to prevent cross
contamination of the essential oils
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It is best to let the perfumes stand overnight or up to 24 hours before using them
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Recipes for Women
Memories, a floral-oriental blend
Add 4 mL of Jojoba oil or alcohol to a small vial
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Add the following essential oils or fragrance oils:
4 drops allspice oil
2 drops oil of cinnamon
10 drops lavender oil
10 drops rose fragrance oil
4 drops sandalwood

Woodrose, a rose-sandalwood blend (this is a simple woodsy perfume)
Add 4 mL of Jojoba oil or alcohol to a small vial
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Add the following essential oils or fragrance oils:
15 drops of citrus fragance oil
2 drops of rose fragrance oil
10 drops of jasmine fragrance oil
8 drops of lily of the valley fragrance oil
5 drops of floral bouquet fragrance oil
10 drops of sensual fragrance oil

Arabian Nights, an exotic perfume
Add 6 mL of Jojoba oil or alcohol to a small vial
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Add the following essential oils or fragrance oils:
2 drops of cardamom
2 drops of caraway
2 drops of frankincense
3 drops of rosewood
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Add the following essential oils or fragrance oils:
2 drops oil of clove bud
8 drops oil of juniper
6 drops bayberry fragrance oil
10 drops vanilla fragrance oil
6 drops oil of cedarwood

Fireside
Add 4 mL of Jojoba oil or alcohol to a small vial
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Add the following essential oils or fragrance oils:
3 drops lavender
6 drops coriander
8 drops sandalwood
8 drops cedarwood
2 drops of frankincense

Want to know some of the notes in your favorite perfume? Go to Mabel White’s Supply Company for a
list of perfume ingredients http://www
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com/Recipes/PerfumeFormulas
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How do the odors of the floral, spicy and woodsy perfumes compare? Can you detect the
different components?

2
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How does this compare with the floral and
spicy perfumes?

3
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Place
a small amount of the rose-sandalwood mixture on the back of your other hand
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As the top notes and
middle notes of the floral or spicy perfume evaporate, can you detect the base notes of the two
perfumes?

References:
Aftel, Mandy, Essence & Alchemy, Gibbs Smith Publisher, 2001
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, Perfumes, Splashes & Colognes, Storey Publishing, 1997
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Wildwood, Chrissie, Create Your Own Perfumes Using Essential Oils, Judy Piatkus Publishers Ltd
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Appreciation to Lida Schoen and her perfume recipe in her Young Ambassadors for Chemistry (YACs)
handbook

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