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Title: Gas Exchange in Insects - AQA AS Level Biology
Description: As title describes, concise notes covering Gas Exchange in Insects under chapter 6 of the kerboodle AS level (new( spec Biology.

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Gas Exchange in Insects 
The Tracheal System 
The Spiracles ­ are tiny pores across the insects’ body surface that allow gases to enter and 
leave the tracheae
...
 
The Tracheoles ­ are the thinner tubes branching off of the tracheae, these run by insects’ body 
tissues to allow exchange via diffusion from the tracheoles to individual cells
...
 The 
primary reason for this is simply metabolic processes occurring in the insects all the time
...
 This means that at any one time, the insects will have a 
lower concentration of oxygen than the air outside their bodies, and a higher concentration of 
carbon dioxide than the air outside their bodies
...
 The converse 
is true for carbon dioxide, which travels along a concentration gradient in the opposite direction, 
from the individual cells, to the tracheoles, to the tracheae to the spiracles and out into the 
outside air
...
 
 

Water Loss 
The biggest issue with this gas exchange system is that it contributes to water loss for the insect 
in question
...
 Water loss occurs due to the tracheal system due to 
water evaporating out of the open spiracles
...
 Insects also have a waterproof covering layer on their body surface, a cuticle, 
to further minimise water loss
...
 
Large Concentration Gradient ­ is established by ventilation and naturally from respiration
...
 


Title: Gas Exchange in Insects - AQA AS Level Biology
Description: As title describes, concise notes covering Gas Exchange in Insects under chapter 6 of the kerboodle AS level (new( spec Biology.