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Title: STROKE AND ITS TYPES
Description: These notes help in understanding "STROKE AND ITS TYPES"
Description: These notes help in understanding "STROKE AND ITS TYPES"
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STROKE AND ITS
TYPES
PREPARED BY Dr
...
CVA
O Sudden loss of neurological function caused by
the interruption of blood flow to brain
...
4 million Americans are stroke
survivors
What Are the Types of Stroke ?
O
Ischemic Stroke (Blockage)
O Caused by a blockage in blood vessels in
brain
O Hemorrhagic Stroke (Bleeding)
O Caused by burst or leaking blood vessels in
brain
What Are the Causes of
Ischemic Stroke?
O Begins with the development of fatty
deposits lining the blood vessel wall
O Thrombus: Development of blood clot at the
fatty deposit
O Embolus: Traveling particle too large to pass
through a small vessel
Embolic Stroke
Blood clot travels to the brain
Thrombotic Stroke
Blood flow is blocked to the brain
What Are the Causes of
Hemorrhagic Stroke?
O Occurs when a weakened blood vessel
ruptures
O Aneurysms: Ballooning of a weakened
region of a blood vessel
O Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs):
abnormal blood vessels
Stroke Risk Factors
That Cannot Be Treated
O Age
O Sex
O Race
O Prior stroke
O Family history
Stroke Risk Factors That Can
Be Treated
O Hypertension/High Blood Pressure
O Heart Disease
O Cigarette Smoking
O Transient Ischemic Attacks
O Diabetes
O Elevated Blood Cholesterol/Lipids
Stroke Risk Factors
Less Well-Documented
O Geographical Location
O Socioeconomic Factors
O Excessive Alcohol Intake
O Certain Kinds of Drug Abuse
Stroke Warning Signs
O Sudden weakness or numbness of the face,
O
O
O
O
arm or leg, especially on one side of the body
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or
understanding
Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of
balance or coordination
Sudden, severe headaches with no known
cause (for hemorrhagic stroke)
ACAS
O Contralateral hemiparesis (LE more than UE)
O Contralateral hemi sensory loss (LE more
than UE)
O Incontinence
O Apraxia
MCAS
Contralateral hemiparesis (UE & face more than
LE)
Contralateral Hemi sensory loss (UE & face more
than LE)
Aphasia
Perceptual deficits
PCAS
• Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
• Memory defect
• Hemiplegia
• Eye movements
Transient Ischemic Attacks
(TIAs)
O “Warning strokes” that can happen before a
major stroke
O Occur when blood flow through a brain
artery is blocked or reduced for a short time
O Symptoms are temporary but similar to
those of a full fledged stroke
O A person who has a TIA is 9
...
g
...
g
...
this stage is not for all patients
Rehabilitation
O After suffering a stroke,
it’s important to begin a
rehabilitation program
as soon as possible
Types of Rehabilitation
Programs
O Hospital programs
O Nursing facilities
O Outpatient programs
O Home-based programs
Rehabilitation Specialists
O Physician
O Rehabilitation nurse
O Physical therapist
O Speech therapist
O Occupational therapist
O Psychiatrist
Learn to recognize a stroke
...
Stroke is a medical emergency!
If you notice one or more stroke warning
signs,
GET HELP IMMEDIATELY
Title: STROKE AND ITS TYPES
Description: These notes help in understanding "STROKE AND ITS TYPES"
Description: These notes help in understanding "STROKE AND ITS TYPES"