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Description: this notes contains all about the nutritional value of different daily intakes and their importance to pregnant and breastfeeding womens
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NUTRITION IN
PREGNANCY AND
BREASTFEEDING
Being healthy before pregnancy
• Balanced diet
• Being active
• Healthy weight
• Good body composition
Being healthy before pregnancy
• Folate:
• Folate is one of the vitamins needed by everyone for good health
...
Some foods
such as bread, breakfast cereals and juices may have folate added
to them
...
Spina bifida is the most common neural tube defect
...
The best way to guarantee enough
folate is to ‘top up’ with a folate tablet
...
5 milligrams (mg) folate (folic acid) tablet
per day, for at least ONE MONTH
BEFORE pregnancy and the FIRST
THREE MONTHS of pregnancy
Diet during pregnancy
• The myth: eat for two
FALSE
• Quality of diet
• During pregnancy energy (calories/kilojoules) is only
slightly higher than normal
...
Nutrition and Pregnancy Basics
• Calorie & nutrient needs increase
• Gradual weight gain is recommended
• Follow a well-balanced diet
• Keep your foods safe
• Engage in physical activity
• Avoid drugs, alcohol and smoking
Why is eating healthy important during
pregnancy?
• For the fetus:
• Provides nutrients for proper growth and development
• Prevents prematurity and low birth weight
• For the mother:
• To prevent excess weight gain
• To prevent heartburn, nausea and constipation
• To prevent anemia, infection & poor healing
Consequences of Maternal Malnutrition
• It is important for women who are pregnant to eat a
balanced diet
...
Energy & Nutrient Needs During
Pregnancy
Increase in kcal per day
BMI
<18,5
18,5-25
>25
+365 kcal/die
+300 kcal/die
+200 kcal/die
Energy & Nutrient Needs During
Pregnancy
Carbohydrate
Ample carbohydrate if necessary
Protein
RDA:
I trimester: additional 1 grams per day
II trimester: additional 8 grams per day
III trimester: additional 25 grams per day
Supplements are discouraged
Essential fatty acids
Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids for brain material
Food Safety
• Bacteria can grow in food and cause foodborne
illnesses
• Pregnant women are at a higher risk
• Examples of foodborne illnesses:
• E
Description: this notes contains all about the nutritional value of different daily intakes and their importance to pregnant and breastfeeding womens