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Title: The Endosymbiont Theory
Description: An essay on the Endosymbiont theory and Mitochondria. This essay was an A grade. Please use it as a learning tool for your own revision, do not plagiarise and copy this essay. Please preview before purchase if interested.
Description: An essay on the Endosymbiont theory and Mitochondria. This essay was an A grade. Please use it as a learning tool for your own revision, do not plagiarise and copy this essay. Please preview before purchase if interested.
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Tanisha Patel
09/09/15
“The Endosymbiont theory and how the structure of the mitochondria are related to their function
...
It has been said that certain organelles in the cells of plants and animals
were once separate living organisms, however difficult to prove, there are certain evidences that
support the idea
...
When one species lives within the other, it is called endosymbiosis
...
In the 1970’s, Dr
...
The theory and evidence for it
explains that the cells of our body ingested aerobic
bacteria, that then evolved into the mitochondria
that we find in cells today, and that is why bacteria
and mitochondria have similar appearances and
features
...
The
mitochondria use their own set of DNA to produce proteins and enzymes suited specifically for their
function
...
On a similar note, protein synthesis occurs using ribosomes, in both bacteria and mitochondria, the
protein making process begins with the same amino acid
Nformylmethionine
...
The mitochondria pass on their DNA
genome to its offspring
...
Likewise, mitochondria are surrounded by a double membrane, which is again similar to
bacterial cells, whereas other organelles in the cell have a single membrane, e
...
a vacuole has a
tonoplast
...
At one time, chloroplasts could have been freeliving bacteria as
well
...
The reactions that occur in the mitochondria cause it to
have a slightly lower pH (more acidic) than the cell's cytoplasm (this
Tanisha Patel
09/09/15
could also serve as evidence for the organelle to have once been a prokaryote single cell, because its
pH is different to that of the host cell)
...
Porins
make the membrane permeable to small particles, allowing ions, nutrients, adenosine triphosphate
(ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to pass through with ease
...
As well, the inner membrane, is only freely permeable to oxygen, carbon dioxide and water this
means that the matrix will contain dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide and water, which are recyclable
intermediates that are used as “energy shuttles”
...
Also, increased surface area of the cristae allows more space for enzymes such as ATP
synthase, to catalyse the reactions for respiration
...
Another adaptation of the
folded inner membrane creating cristae, is that the matrix is never far from the inner membrane
surface, when diffusion is usually a slow process, in this case, the process of diffusing matrix
components to membrane complexes for transport is fairly quick
...
In my opinion, by the evidence that evolutionists, like Dr
...
Evidences such as mitochondria having their own set of circular mtDNA and the
process in which the organelle asexually reproduces, makes it easy to believe that the mitochondria
evolved into the eukaryotes
...
Title: The Endosymbiont Theory
Description: An essay on the Endosymbiont theory and Mitochondria. This essay was an A grade. Please use it as a learning tool for your own revision, do not plagiarise and copy this essay. Please preview before purchase if interested.
Description: An essay on the Endosymbiont theory and Mitochondria. This essay was an A grade. Please use it as a learning tool for your own revision, do not plagiarise and copy this essay. Please preview before purchase if interested.