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Title: Biology Chapter 28
Description: This comes from a college class very detailed.
Description: This comes from a college class very detailed.
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BIOLOGY POWER POINT NOTES
CHAPTER 28 DIVERSITY OF MICROORGANISMS- BACTERIA
1) PROKARYOTES: World of bacteria
Cyanobacteria: photosynthesizing bacteria
Rickettsiae: tiny bacteria-transmitted by ticks
Chylamdia: smaller than the above, STD
Mycoplasmas: naked, smallest bacteria
2) EUKARYOTES: -single-celled (microorganisms)
EXAMPLES:
-protozoa
-unicellular algae
(Dinoflagellates; diatoms)
-yeasts
Bacteria-the most abundant organisms on earth
Biomass far exceeds mass of all animals+ planets on Earth
Roles in nature: great scavengers; recycling of C, N, O, and other
elements
Diverse forms & in diverse environments
The Shapes and Arrangements
of Bacteria
Bacilli have a cylindrical shape
Cocci form a variety of arrangements
Flagellar Arrangement
Four types:
Monotrichous
Lophotrichous
Amphitrichous
Peritrichous
Bacteria Diseases
Sore throat, pharyngitis, sinusitis
Tuberculosis
Cholera
Food poisoning, bloody dysentery
Pneumonia
Meningitis
Ulcer
Viruses are the smallest microorganisms
Acellular: Living or nonliving?
No growth
No metabolic activities
No observable activity
Only replicate (within host cells)
Made up of
DNA or RNA-core
Packed in the protein shell or coat
DNA viruses: Herpes, Hepatitis B, common cold, smallpox virus
RNA viruses: HIV, influenza, SARS, Hepatitis C, Measles, Mumps, Ebola Virus
Viral Diseases
Common cold, flu, bird flu, swine flu
AIDS
Smallpox Herpes
Polio, Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C
Encephalitis
Pneumonia; SARS
HPV infection & cervical cancer
INFLUENZA & COLDS
The flu is caused by the influenza virus, while colds are caused by
rhinoviruses
The symptoms of flu include fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting
While the common cold is endemic, flu outbreaks may be epidemic or
pandemic
How influenza virus changes?
Antigenic drift – the small changes that make the virus more
virulent-a cause of local epidemic
Antigenic shift-large changes because of mixing 0f two strains in
a common host
Fear of Avian influenza pandemic human population is not
previously exposed to new viruses
Swine Flu
Known as 2009 H1N1 type A influenza
A human disease-respiratory tract condition
People get the diseases from other people, not from pigs
...
Current “swine flu” outbreak caused by a new swine flu
virus- that changed-to spread from person-to-person
H1N1 swine flu is not the usual “drift variant” of H1N1
It comes to humans from a different line of evolution
Title: Biology Chapter 28
Description: This comes from a college class very detailed.
Description: This comes from a college class very detailed.