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Chapter 11 – Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes
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Describe the formation and function of bacterial endospores
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 The process of formation is known as sporulation and takes 8-10 hours
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 Binary fission involves replication of DNA, growth of the cell, invagination of cell in the
middle, and then the cell wall divides into two daughter cells
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 Budding involves an outgrowth of the original cell that receives a copy of DNA
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 Arrangements are based on the plane of replication
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 Diplococci and streptococci are linear sphere chains
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 Likewise, diplobacilli and streptobacilli are linear rod chains
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Know the common features of microbes in the domain Archaea, compared to bacteria
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 Their membrane lipids have branched or ring-form hydrocarbon chains
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 No members of Archaea have been shown to cause disease
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Define a thermophile, hyperthermophile and a halophile
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o Thermophiles that require over 80 °C are called hyperthermophiles
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 Halophiles are organisms that live in extremely salty habits like the Dead Sea
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Discuss the lack of cell walls in mycoplasmas
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 They survive in osmotically protected habitats, such as human bodies
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d
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e
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