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Chapter 12 – Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes
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 Most eukaryotic DNA is packaged with histone proteins
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 Sexual reproduction, involving gametes and zygotes, has more steps than asexual
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 Eukaryotic; Unicellular; No cell walls
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List five ways in which fungi are beneficial
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 The roots of vascular plants form mycorrhizae, which absorb water and dissolved minerals
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 Fungi also produce antibiotics, such as penicillin and cephalosporin, cyclosporine, and mevinic
acids
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 Unlike protozoa, fungi have cell walls composed of chitin
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 Even though animals and fungi share genome relatedness, only fungi have cell walls
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Distinguish among septate hyphae, aseptate hyphae, and mycelium
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 Hyphae could be either septate (divided into cells by cross walls called septa) or aseptate (not
divided)
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Consider the figure
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Describe budding in yeast
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7
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 Sporangiospores; Chlamydospores; and Conidiospores
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Why do microbiologists study large organisms, such as parasitic worms?
 Microbiologists study helminths (parasitic worms) because they observe the immature forms in
blood or urine
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Discuss why vectors are included in microbiology
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Some can carry pathogens and others can be a host
for pathogens
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Describe the distinctive features of arachnids
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List diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, fleas, lice, ticks, kissing bugs, and flies
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 Fleas: Dipylidium and Plague
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 Ticks: Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tularemia, relapsing fever, and tickborne encephalitis
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