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Wellness and Homeostasis
(Prokaryotic Cells, Eukaryotic Cells, Lipids, Organelles, Cell Wall, Cell Membrane,
Nucleus, electrically neutral molecules, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes,
golgi bodies, Lysosomes, Mitochondria, Centrioles, Isotonic Solution, Hypotonic Solution,
Hypertonic Solution, Plasmolysis, Homeostasis, Diffusion, Concentration Gradient,
Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis, Osmotic Pressure, Passive Transport, Active Transport,
Endocytosis, Pinocytosis, Phagocytosis, Exocytosis, Tissue, Epithelial Tissue, Connective
Tissue, Organ, Organ System, West Nile Disease, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy,
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Spanish Influenza, Zoo
tonic, Prion, Transformation, Pandemic, Genetic Disease, Genetic Propensity, The Stages
of Hypothermia)
Lipids – The organic compounds other than carbohydrates, consisting or carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen
Prokaryotic Cells - Cells lacking distinct membrane-bound structures
...
They make up all living things
except bacteria
Organelle – A specialized structure in the cytoplasm of cells that carries out a specific
function
Cell Wall - A rigid wall composed of cellulose that gives plant cells and most bacteria its
shape and provides protection for the cell
Cell Membrane - A two-layered structure composed of liquids, proteins and carbohydrates
that separates the cell from its surrounding and controls the movement of materials in and
out of the cell as well as the internal conditions of the cell
...

Nucleus - A round, membrane-bound structure that serves as the control centre of the cell
...

Cytoplasm – A watery material lying within the cell between the cell membrane and the
nucleus which supports the cell’s organelles
...

Ribosomes – Small particles usually attached to the outer membrane surface of the
endoplasmic reticulum that is the site of protein synthesis in cells
...

Lysosomes - Small, saclike structures surrounded by a single membrane and containing
strong digestive or hydrolytic enzymes that are involved in the digestion of food within the
cell
Mitochondria - A round, slipper shaped structure surrounded by a double membrane which
releases energy in food molecules for use in the cell
Centrioles – Consist of a ring of nine groups of three microtubules that are involved in cell
division in animal cells
...

Hypotonic Solution – A solution that contains a lower concentration of dissolved substances
than that of a cell placed in it
...

Hypertonic Solution - A solution that contains a higher concentration of dissolved substances
than that of a cell placed in it
...
It’s the constant
regulation of all metabolic processes inside the cells of the body

Diffusion – The movement of particles from an area of greater concentration to an area of
lesser concentration
Concentration Gradient – The difference in concentration between a region of greater
concentration and one of lesser concentration

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Facilitated Diffusion – A type of transport that occurs because of specialized transport
proteins in the cell membrane, each type of transport protein is specific to the substance it
carries
...
It speeds up the movement
across a membrane from a region of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
...

Osmotic Pressure – The increase in pressure resulting from the flow of water in osmosis
Passive Transport – A process by which materials move across a cell membrane without the
expenditure of cellular energy
...
Each molecule must first
bind to a transport protein on one side of a membrane and then be released by the same
protein on the other side of the membrane


-Involves a membrane vesicle
...

Materials become enclosed within an in-pocketing of the cell membrane
...
Inside cell contents are
released
...

Organ - A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function
...
Mosquitoes
which primarily infects birds and humans
...
Most easily transmitted
to humans by eating food contaminated with the brain, spinal cord or digestive tract of
infected carcasses
...

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) - an influenza-type corona virus that originated
in certain wild animals such as masked palm civets, Chinese ferret badgers and raccoon dogs
that is a severe type of pneumonia
...

Spanish Influenza (bird flu) – A virus probably originating in birds and probably transferred by
domestic chickens
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Zoo tonic – When a disease can be transferred from animals to humans
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Pre-shivering muscle tone - the muscles along your neck and shoulders tighten in
Violent shivering - mild hypothermia, where your muscles contract rapidly to generate heat
Amnesia - forgetting
Apathy – insensibility and sluggishness
Stupor - The outer part of the brain has become cold and is not properly functioning,
responding to pain but not reason
...
Kidneys working overtime to process fluid
overload that occurred as blood vessels constrict and squeeze fluids toward centre causing
urge to urinate
...

Paradoxical undressing – constricted blood vessels near the body’s surface suddenly dilate
and produce a sensation of extreme heat against the skin

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