Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

The Skeletal System













 206 bones in the body
 Provides framework, protection, storage of minerals, and hematopoiesis (produces red
blood cells
 Proves movement
Factoids
 The human hand has 27 bones
 Your face has 14
 The longest bone in your body is the femur (thigh bone)
 The smallest bone in your body is he stirrup (bone in your ear)
 You have over 230 moveable and semi-moveable joints in your body
Functions
 Bones
 Framework
 Storage areas for minerals (phosphorus and calcium)
 Produces blood cells
 Protect and support internal organs
 Points of attachment for muscles
 Assist the body in movement
 Named by points of attachment
Structure of the Skeletal System
 Bone: a form of connective tissue, is one of the hardest tissues in the human body only
the enamel of the teeth is harder
 Oste/o means bone or boney
Skeletal Medical Terminology
 Osteitis
 Inflammation of the bone
 Osteoma
 Tumor of the bone
 Osteologist
 Bone specialist
Structure of Bone
 Peristeum- tough & fibrous outermost covering of the bone
 Peri Prefix that means around or surrounding
 Endosteum- tissue that lines the medullary cavity of the bone
 Endo Prefix within
 Made up of the diaphysis, epiphysis, and the membrane
Skeletal Medical Terminology
 Periosteotomy
 Incision of the outer most covering of the bone
 Endosteitis
 Inflammation within the bone
 Endosteoma
 Tumor within the bone

 Two Kinds of Bones
 Compact Bone (cortical bone): hard, dense, and very strong
 Found just under the periosteum
 Cancellous Bone (spongy bone): lighter in weight but not as strong as compact bone
 Commonly found in long bones
 Structure of Bone
 Bone Marrow: located within the cancellous bone
 Myel/o
 Means bone marrow/spinal cord
 Red Bone Marrow is hematopoietic and manufactures RBC, Hgb, WBC, &
thrombocytes
 Hemat/o
 Blood
 -poietic
 Pertaining to formation
 Skeletal Medical Terminology
 Osteomyelitis
 Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
 Myelinolysis
 Destruction of the bone marrow and nerves
 Structure of Bone
 Yellow Bone Marrow composed of fat cells
 Cartilage is a form of connective tissue, is more elastic the bone (Chondr/o)
 Important function of cartilage is to cover the joint surface of the bones (articular
cartilage)
 Skeletal Medical Terminology
 Chondropathy
 Disease in the cartilage
 Chrondromalacia
 Abnormal softening of the cartilage
 Joints
 Joints are connections between bones
 Articulations
 Join or come together
 Ability to speak clearly
 Arthr/o
 Joint
 Skeletal Medical Terminology
 Arthritis
 Inflammation of the joint
 Arthoscopy
 Viewing of the joint
 Arthrotomy
 Incision of the joint
 Arthroscope
 Viewing of the joint (tool used)

 Types of Joints
 Fibrous Joints: do not move; jagged edges
 Cartilaginous Joints: slightly move; holds bones together
 Synovial Joints: movable; synovial (fluid sac) membrane
 Ball and Socket Joint: synovial joint that allows a lot of movement
 Hinge Joint: synovial joint that allows movement in one direction
 Joints
 Ligaments: connective tissue bands that join the articulating ends of bones (bone to bone)
 Tendons: attach muscles to bone
 Bursa: fibrous sac between certain tendons and the bones beneath them
 Synovial/Fluid membrane



---