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Title: the brain
Description: aimed at a-level students and undergrad students this outlines the brain and the structures within the brain. the notes highlight key terms, studies associated with the brain and key structures of the brain.
Description: aimed at a-level students and undergrad students this outlines the brain and the structures within the brain. the notes highlight key terms, studies associated with the brain and key structures of the brain.
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THE BRAIN
The study of Phineas Gage (1848)
• Aim: To explain the cause of Phineas gage’s personality
change
• Method: Whilst working for a railway company Gage dropped a
metal pole onto explosives, which used to create a new railway
line
...
• Results: Gage survived and after months of rest people noticed
a change in his personality from kind and reserved to someone
rude and blasphemous
...
• Evaluation: It cant be generalised to the whole population as
this was a rare case that happened to an individual
...
Key terms
• Localisation- Specific areas of the cerebral cortex that are associated with particular physical
and psychological functions
• Lateralisation- The dominance of 1 hemisphere of the brain for particular physical and
psychological functions
...
The left hemisphere is associated with
language and the right is associated with movement
...
g
hormones
...
It surrounds the central core and is
closely interconnected with the hypothalamus
...
• The cerebrum- Regulates our higher intelligence
...
The cortex appears grey because of the axons on
neurons don’t have much myelin sheath which is a white colour
...
• The cerebrum is composed of the left and right hemisphere
...
• Temporal lobe-Location for auditory ability and memory acquisition
...
Movements on the
right side of body are controlled by the left
hemisphere and vice versa
...
It responds to heat,
cold, pain, touch and body movements
...
• The visual area- In the occipital lobe it deals with vision
...
So damage to the left hemisphere would result
in loss of vision in the right eye
...
• The auditory area- Located in the temporal lobe
...
He discovered that damage to the left
temporal lobe resulted in language problems
...
Split brain research
• This is when someone has undergone a corpus
colostomy, where a large part of the corpus callosum is
lesioned
...
• As a result of the surgery the 2 hemispheres couldn't
communicate effectively
...
• Sperry conducted an experiment where a split brain
patient had to do a task involving his to separate
individual hemispheres
...
Title: the brain
Description: aimed at a-level students and undergrad students this outlines the brain and the structures within the brain. the notes highlight key terms, studies associated with the brain and key structures of the brain.
Description: aimed at a-level students and undergrad students this outlines the brain and the structures within the brain. the notes highlight key terms, studies associated with the brain and key structures of the brain.