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POEM

A02

A04

1
...
trochaic metre, usually found in
encountered the shame of sin,
children’s nursery rhymes
• “Gave thee clothing of delight, softest
experience > inn
...
opening and closing of each
clothing wooly bright”
• Jesus is called ‘the Lamb of God
stanza uses spondee, makes
who takes away the sins of the
• He is called by thy name, for he calls
more emphatic, slows reader
world' in John 1:29
...
closed rhyming couplets, simple • Authority of age to repress the
young ones' imagination and
tone of the child experience
instincts
...
rising rhythm, positive/jaunty
3
...
”

The Shepard

• “his tongue shall be filled with
praise”
• “He is watchful while they are in
peace, for they know when their
shepherd is nigh
...
”
• “we may learn to bear the beams of
love; / and these black bodies and this
sunburnt face / are but a cloud”

The Chimney
Sweeper

• “my father sold me while yet my
tongue, could scarcely cry ‘Weep!
weep! weep! weep!’”
• “by came an angel, who had a bright
key, and he opened the coffins, and
set them all free”

1
...

3
...


two quatrians
rhyming ABCB DEFE
meter is anapaestic
language emphasises that
everything is idyllic

• tongue quote echoes the Bible:
Psalms 51: 15, a song traditionally
ascribed to King David, Israel's
king
...
heroic quatrains
2
...
rhyming ABAB

• Blake attacks the approach of
some forms of contemporary
Christianity
...


1
...
enjambment shows rush of
emotions, also ‘weep’ is
monosyllabic

• he believed Industrial Revolution
was doing more harm than good and
should be stopped
...

• believed in French Revolution idea

POEM

The Little Boy Lost

A02
• “Speak, father, speak to your little
boy, or else I shall be lost”
• “The night was dark, no father was
there, the child was wet with dew"

The Little Boy
Found

• “but God, ever nigh, appeared like
his father, in white”

Holy Thursday

• “Grey-headed beadles”

• “Now like a mighty wind they raise to
heaven the voice of song, or like
harmonious thunderings the seats of
heaven among”

Nurse’s Song

1
...
monosyllables make the lines
slow and heavy

• The father fails to protect
vulnerable innocence
...
This was a
contemporary social issue
...
quatrains
2
...
This is seen
as escapist, a desire to evade
awareness of vulnerability and
potential loss
...
three stanzas, each containing
• Blake opposed the way in which he
felt the Church condoned the
two rhyming couplets
established social order without
2
...
Christian teaching
creates the effect of neatly tying
about respecting authority led to
being ‘good' meant accepting the
up the phrase
status quo as though it had been
designed by God to be that way
...
four quatrains,
2
...
However,
the gathering gloom threatens to
curtail innocent activities
...
simplicity by repetition of key
words
2
...
repeated phrases suggest a
lullaby

• child born free and good, as
Rousseau believed,
• or born depraved, as the
Calvinist Christians believed

• “The little ones leaped, and shouted,
and laughed, and all the hills
echoèd
...
’ Sweet joy befall
thee!”
• “Pretty joy! Sweet joy, but two days
old
...
”
• “How can Lyca sleep / if her mother
weep?”
• “Leopards, tigers, play / round her as
she lay”

The Little Girl
Found

1
...
It is people's
one and three expresses selfchoices that mean their current
contained, undisputed opinions
life is heavenly and/or hellish
...
iambic to trochaic metre

1
...

2
...
controlling irony

from their desires and their
sexuality
...
rhymed couplets and regular
three stresses
2
...
”
• “Your spring and your day are
wasted in play, And your winter
and night in disguise
...
This approach
taught people to accept present
suffering and injustice because of
the promise of bliss in the next
world
...
rhymed couplets with their
• In Blake's work, parents are often
perceived as inhibiting and
regular rhythm create a
repressing their children
...
”

Nurse's Song

A04

1
...
heavier with certain iambs
3
...

• Blake saw the natural child as an
image of the creative imagination
which is the human being's
spiritual core
...
”

My Pretty Rose
Tree

• "A flower was offered to me, such a flower as
May never bore”
• “But I said, ‘I’ve a pretty rose tree,’”

A04

1
...
monosyllables of the first line
make it emphatic and
ponderous
3
...


1
...
anapaestic metre, giving a
jaunty rhythm

• Human relationships are affected
by fallen divided selfhood which
sees itself at the centre of its
world as something to be
protected and defended
...
”

1
...
the use of the repeated
• “‘They clothed me in the clothes of death,
and taught me to sing the notes of woe’”
exclamation ‘weep!' and by
being mainly monosyllabic
• “praise God and His priest and king, who
made up a heaven of our misery”
slows down rhythm

The Chimney
Sweeper

• “A little black thing among the snow,
crying! ‘weep! weep!’ in notes of woe!”

The Garden of
Love

• "Chapel was built in the midst, where I used to
play on the green”
• “And the gates of this Chapel were shut, and
‘Thou shalt not’ writ over the door”
• “priests in black gowns were walking their
rounds, and binding with briars my joys and
desires”

London

• "I wander through each chartered
street, near where the chartered
Thames does flow,”
• “The mind-forged manacles I hear”
• “How the chimney-sweeper’s cry /
every blackening church appals”

• According to Blake, parents
misuse ‘care' to repress children
and bind them to themselves,
rather than setting the children
free by rejoicing in, and
safeguarding, their capacity for
play and imagination
...
ABCB, DEFE, last stanza no
rhyme scheme
2
...
anapaestic trimeter
4
...
four quatrains
2
...


POEM

Infant Sorrow

A02
• "My mother groaned, my
father wept: into the
dangerous world I leapt”

A04

1
...


1
...


1
...
trochaic tetrameter, often used in
children's rhymes
3
...
It still
results in binding their children
to them and draining them of life
...
five-line stanzas rhyme ABABB
2
...


1
...
some lines are marked by a
change in metre to iambic

• Bible says Heaven and Hell
impinge on human experience
...


• “Striving against my swaddling
bands, bound and weary”

A Little Boy Lost

• “The weeping child could not be
heard, the weeping parents wept
in vain”
• ”And burned him in a holy place /
where many had been burned
before”

A Little Girl Lost

• "in the age of gold, free from
winter’s cold”
• “To her father white / came the
maiden bright; but his loving
look, like the holy book, all her
tender limbs with terror shook
...
”
• “Ah then at times I drooping sit, and
spend many an anxious hour”

The Tyger

• "Tiger, tiger, burning bright / in the forests of
the night, what immortal hand or eye /could
frame thy fearful symmetry?”
• “And what shoulder and what art / could twist
the sinews of thy heart?”
• “When the stars threw down their spears, and
watered heaven with their tears”

POEM

A02

A04



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