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Title: Atomic Structure and Molarity
Description: Basic notes about the structure of atoms & molarity
Description: Basic notes about the structure of atoms & molarity
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1
...
Nature’s basic particle
b
...
Discovered atoms
ii
...
Antoine Lavoisier
i
...
Accurately measured masses of the elements and compounds in
chemical reactions
iii
...
Mass is neither created nor destroyed during ordinary
chemical reactions
iv
...
A chemical compound contains exactly the same elements
in exactly the same proportions by mass
d
...
Came up with atomic theory
1
...
A broad generalization that explains a body of facts
or phenomena
ii
...
The atom is a solid indivisible sphere of uniform density
throughout
2
...
Glass vacuum tubes
i
...
Piece of metal connected to power source
ii
...
Negative electrode
iii
...
Positive electrode
b
...
Location and shape of the shadow showed “things” coming from
the cathode – cathode rays
ii
...
Charged plates were placed on either side of the tube
1
...
Negative charge
c
...
Credited with the discovery of the electron
ii
...
Carefully measured the amount of their deflection in a
magnetic field
d
...
Millikan’s oil drop experiment determined the charge of an
electron
e
...
Components
1
...
Target of gold foil
3
...
Observations
1
...
Some alpha particles were deflected at varying angles
3
...
Conclusions
1
...
There is a positively charged centrally located part of the
atom that contains most of its mass (nucleus)
3
...
Scientific Models of the Atom
a
...
Representation meant to convey information
1
...
Diagram
3
...
Equation
ii
...
Used to make predictions about how things would behave in
certain situations
iv
...
Experimental observation
2
...
Experimental verification
v
...
Evolution of the model of the atom
i
...
Experimental observation
a
...
Dalton’s model of the atom
a
...
Problem: discovery of electrons
1
...
Thomson’s model
a
...
Plum pudding model
ii
...
Rutherford’s model
a
...
Experimental observations
i
...
There is an extremely small positively
charged nucleus which contains most of the
mass
iii
...
The positive charge on the nucleus is some
multiple of the charge on the electron
v
...
Problem with Rutherford’s model
i
...
Molarity
a
...
Solution
1
...
Solvent
a
...
Solute
a
...
Equal to moles of solute per liters of solution
i
...
Moles: liters × molarity
iii
Title: Atomic Structure and Molarity
Description: Basic notes about the structure of atoms & molarity
Description: Basic notes about the structure of atoms & molarity