Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

3
Infectious Diseases
...
Not all
An infectious disease is a disease that can be transmitted or passed from ne þerson
diseases are infectious
...
/cc•s,

Namc two diseases that are not infectious
...


protozoa, fungi
Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms called pathogens and include bacteria,
and all viruses
...

E
...
Cholera is a bacierial infeciion {haf causes diarrhoeaand dehgdraåion
...

Other pathogens are picked up by eafing contaminated food
...
g
...

Airborne pathogens are carried in the air in droplets produced when gou cough or sneeze —
so other people can breathe them in
...
g
...

Some pathogens can be picked up bg +ouchingconfaminatedsurfaces, including the skin
...
g
...
If's mos+ commonlg spread
bg *ouching {he same things as an infec+ed person, e
...
shower floors and {owels
...
g
...
E
...
the HIV virus that causes AIDS
(a disease which sfopg the immunesgs+em from working properly) is spread bg bodg fluids
...
Examples of vectors include:
can damage
Anopheles mosquito — if carries the protozoan that causes malaria(a disease
kidneys or even be faial)
...

brain and
House fig — i+ carries {he bac{eriumtha{ causes dgsen+erg (a disease fha+ causes severe
diarrhoea)
...


Body
fluids

Barriers against pathogens

Physical barriers
quickly
undamaged skin is a barrier against pathogens
...

2
...

trachea and lungs) are lined with cilia cells that make
bacteria before they reach the lungs
The mucus traps dust and
and the cilia hairs push the mucus away from the lungs
...


bacteria on the surface of the
The eyes -- produce a chemical in tears called lysozyme which kills
eye
...


the food
hydrochloric acid in the stomach kills most pathogens, found on
The stomach —

Antibacterial products are called antiseptics

Antiseptics,

or antibiotics
...




---