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Title: How to Teacher Children and Teens with Dyslexia
Description: This powerpoint is all of the ins and outs of dyslexia, history, myths, signs, impact on education, classroom engagement, and strategies for teachers.
Description: This powerpoint is all of the ins and outs of dyslexia, history, myths, signs, impact on education, classroom engagement, and strategies for teachers.
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How to Teach Children and
Teens with Dyslexia
Sarah Cochran, Edeline Faye Gacula, Jennifer Hill-Carrasco, Sharndra
Johnson, Cheryl Maddox, Mabel Pernetter, Amanda Stiger
HISTORY
• Dyslexia was first considered to be a pathological condition
...
• Known as “word blindness”, but later coined “dyslexia”
...
MYTH BUSTERS
•
It’s not real
...
Dyslexic people can have very high IQ’s
•
It can be outgrown
...
Dyslexic can read but it may always be slow and not automatic
•
Dyslexic people see things backwards
...
They can, it just may always be a struggle, slow and with effort
•
Dyslexic people have had a lack of phonetic instruction or they can’t do phonics
...
Dyslexia can be detected and diagnosed as early as 5 years of age
•
Dyslexia is very rare
...
More boys are diagnosed because of behavior/acting out issues because the work in school
is hard
...
It is a learning disability that
alters the way the brain processes written material
...
It is extremely important to
note that The National Center for Learning Disabilities (2013) states that dyslexia
is a neurological and often genetic condition, and not the result of poor teaching,
instruction or upbringing
...
They also
reported that this defective gene appears to interact with KIAA0319, a second
dyslexia gene
...
Over the past ten years, they added, scientists have identified several candidate
genes that may contribute to dyslexia susceptibility
...
•Most states do not have programs specifically addressing dyslexia, and
those that do may not provide additional funding for instruction
...
•Dyslexia often is considered a minor problem that is beyond the scope of
the regular classroom, but not serious enough to merit special education
services
...
%
• It%is%not%the%result%of%impaired%vision
...
%
SIGNS OF DYSLEXIA
•
Difficulty reading single words
•
Difficulty blending and segmenting sounds
•
Doesn’t get the alphabetic principle
•
Confuses small words
•
Has letter/word reversals
•
Reads at a lower level than grade expected
•
Difficulty spelling
•
Slow to learn prefixes, suffixes, and roots
•
Avoids reading out loud and writing
•
Difficulty with word problems in math
•
Illegible handwriting
•
Slow/poor recall of facts
SIGNS OF DYSLEXIA
•
Before a child starts school
Signs and symptoms that a young child may be at risk
of dyslexia include:
•
Learning new words slowly
•
words
•
Late talking
•
Difficulty seeing (and occasionally hearing)
similarities and differences in letters and
Difficulty rhyming
An inability to sound out the pronunciation of
an unfamiliar word
•
Seeing letters or words in reverse ("b" for "d"
or "saw" for "was," for example) — this is
common in young children, but may be more
School age children
pronounced in children with dyslexia
Once your child is in school, dyslexia signs and
•
Difficulty spelling
symptoms may become more apparent, including:
•
Trouble learning a foreign language
•
Reading at a level well below the expected
level for the age of your child
•
Problems processing and understanding what
he or she hears
High School and College Students
• Difficulty reading
•
Trouble understanding jokes or idioms
•
Difficulty comprehending rapid instructions
•
Reading aloud
•
Trouble following more than one command at
•
Difficulty with time management
a time
•
Difficulty summarizing a story
Problems remembering the sequence of
•
•
Difficulty learning a foreign language
Difficulty memorizing
•
things
IMPACT ON EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY
The Yale Center for Dyslexia & Creativity created the Multicultural Dyslexia Awareness Initiative
(MDAI) in order to provide awareness of dyslexia
•
There are numerous curricula and programs designed to increase literacy, but Dyslexia is
often overlooked when searching for causes of illiteracy
•
Dyslexia is the most common reading disability - 1 out of 5 people have it
•
More than 20% of population is dyslexic
•
Dyslexia crosses racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic lines, and with proper instruction and
accommodations, it can be remediated
•
Many students go undiagnosed and are left to struggle and ultimately risk falling completely
through the cracks, dropping out of school and facing dismal futures
IMPACT ON EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY
Negative Effects of Dyslexia
• Kids with dyslexia feel “stupid” when they see their peers reading because it’s difficult to keep up
• Problems get worse as reading becomes more important to learning
CLASSROOM ENGAGEMENT
Accommodations involving interactional materials
Accommodations involving interactive instruction
•
Simplifying written directions
•
Using explicit teaching procedures
•
Presenting assignments in increments
•
Repeating directions
•
Blocking out visual stimuli –includes using larger
•
Maintaining daily routines
font sizes and increasing spacing to separate
•
Providing a copy of lesson notes
sections
•
Using graphic organizers
•
Highlighting pertinent information
•
Using step-by-step instruction
•
Using placeholders in consumable materials
•
Combining both verbal and visual information
•
Providing extensive activities
•
Providing a glossary with content terms
•
Using balanced presentations and activities
•
Developing reading guides
•
Using mnemonic instruction
•
Using an audio recording device
•
Reviewing daily
•
Using assistive technology
simultaneously
CLASSROOM ENGAGEMENT
Accommodations involving student performance
•
Changing how they normally respond to tasks
•
Providing an outline of the day’s lesson
•
Encouraging use of graphic organizers
•
Placing students in close proximity to the teacher
•
Encouraging use of planners
•
Turning lined paper vertically for math
•
Denoting important items using cues
•
Designing worksheets with problems arranged from easiest to hardest
•
Allowing instructional aides
•
Displaying work samples
•
Pairing peers for peer-mediated learning
•
Providing additional practice
•
Adjusting or substituting assignments per individual student needs
STRATEGIES
In teaching dyslexic students, it is important to not only focus on the student's weaknesses but strengths
as well
...
We also need to focus on critical thinking and
problem solving
...
Strategies for Instruction
•
Phonemic Awareness- explicitly and directly taught before phonics instruction
o Teach similarities between speech sounds and visual patterns across words
o Give direct instruction in language analogies and the alphabetic code
o Give direct instruction in segmenting and blending
o Give direct instruction in the process of reading chunks across words
o Make phonemes concrete for them by giving students manipulatives to move around
•
Mastery- use explicit, direct, systemic, organized teaching when teaching for mastery
•
Students need lots and lots of opportunities for repetition
•
Intensive, individualized instruction for as long as it takes and pass on information to next teacher so
they know where to go from there
•
Integrate skills in all classes
STRATEGIES
•
Teach metacognitive strategies
•
Teach language structure at all levels
o sounds, symbols, syllables, word structure, word meaning, grammar, sentence structure,
paragraph structure, text organization, study skills
•
Emphasize constructive problem solving
•
Teach comprehension
•
Use Recorded Books
REFERENCES
Dip, P
...
(2000)
...
Retrieved from http://www
...
com/library/
classroom
...
(n
...
History of dyslexia
...
dyslexiasw
...
Films Media Group
...
Dyslexia: Diagnosis and treatment [Motion Picture]
...
Guardiola, J
...
(2001)
...
Annuario de psicologia, 32(1), 3-30
...
, Goswami, U
...
, Ellis, S
...
(2010)
...
NY: Routledge
...
(2007)
...
Retrieved from http://www
...
org/FactSheets
...
(2009)
...
United Kingdom: Open
University
Press
...
(2006)
...
Retrieved from http://www
...
org/article/11244/
REFERENCES
Multicultural Dyslexia Awareness Initiative
...
Retrieved July 1,
2014, from
http://dyslexia
...
edu/MDAI/
NCLD Editorial Team
...
Tips for teachers on accommodating students with dyslexia in the
classroom
...
ncld
...
F
...
M
...
The dyslexia checklist : A practical reference for parents and teachers
...
Stowe, C
...
(2000)
...
San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass
...
(2006)
...
Arlington, VA: WETA
...
A
...
A
...
Dyslexia: What teachers need to know
...
Title: How to Teacher Children and Teens with Dyslexia
Description: This powerpoint is all of the ins and outs of dyslexia, history, myths, signs, impact on education, classroom engagement, and strategies for teachers.
Description: This powerpoint is all of the ins and outs of dyslexia, history, myths, signs, impact on education, classroom engagement, and strategies for teachers.