Search for notes by fellow students, in your own course and all over the country.
Browse our notes for titles which look like what you need, you can preview any of the notes via a sample of the contents. After you're happy these are the notes you're after simply pop them into your shopping cart.
Title: A Level Chemistry - Carbon fuels
Description: AS Chemistry notes on carbon fuels.
Description: AS Chemistry notes on carbon fuels.
Document Preview
Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above
Kate Nicholls
Chemistry – Mrs MacAdie
10/1/11
DF8 – comparing pollutants from petrol and diesel cars
...
034
0
0
...
317
0
...
184
No clear environmental advantage in buying a modern diesel or petrol car
...
Diesel oxidation catalyst uses excess O2 in the exhaust gas stream to oxidise CO to CO2 and
hydrocarbons to H2O and CO2
Good at reducing/virtually eliminating the smell of diesel & helps to reduce soot
...
Catalytic converters are unable to remove tiny carbon particles but these can be partially
removed by a DPF (diesel particulate filter)
...
Aromatic hydrocarbons make up 40% of petrol
...
Benzene is worst – strictly controlled
...
Butane & aromatic hydrocarbons – high octane components of petrol – if they are removed
then something must be added to replace them
...
US – attempts to produce reformulated gasoline’s that have:
o Low volatility – reducing the concentration of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere ;
o Reduced concentrations of benzene
o Added oxygenates (improve burning and so reduce the concentration of pollutants –
CO)
All this has to be achieved without reducing efficiency
...
Kate Nicholls
Chemistry – Mrs MacAdie
o
o
o
10/1/11
Autogas has higher octane number & produces 20% less CO2 per mile than petrol/
Releases less CO – higher ratio C:H
Fewer un-burnt hydrocarbons & NOx than petrol
Road tax is less for user
LPG filling stations still relatively rare
Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) – mainly methane and comes from oil and natural gas fields
Methane cannot be liquid by pressure alone, it has to be cooled below -160oC
...
Biodiesel
Ordinary engines can use
Fuel made from vegetable oil or animal fat
Made through transesterification
Converts veg oil/animal fat into esterified oil – can be used as diesel or mixed with
diesel
...
must
all be exploited as much as possible
...
Title: A Level Chemistry - Carbon fuels
Description: AS Chemistry notes on carbon fuels.
Description: AS Chemistry notes on carbon fuels.