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Title: Arid and Carbonate Coastlines
Description: Sedimentology lecture notes for first year Undergrads Lectures presented at Royal Holloway University of London
Description: Sedimentology lecture notes for first year Undergrads Lectures presented at Royal Holloway University of London
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Sedimentology Lecture Notes
NOTE; assessments coming up – 9th December @ 10 am
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Workbook 15%
-assessed practical 15% -thin section-hand specimen-sedimentary log interpretation
-Arid coast lines and carbonates
By the end of the lecture we need to be familiar with sub environments of arid coast lines
different types of evaporate minerals, descriptions of different types of carbonates, understand
different types of carbonates, main types of carbonate platforms and to recall the facies typical of
carbonate platforms
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-subaerial deposition incudes surface crusts (unlikely to be preserved), passive or displacive growth
within sediments may be replacive
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Local irregular laminations, passive precipitation – surface crusts and displacive precipitation
resulting in formation of desert rose, chicken wire and halite hoppers
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Carbonate mineralogy
Calcite CaCO3
Aragonite CaCO3
Mg Calcite MgCO3
Valerite
Dolomite (Ca,Mg9CO3)2)
-Carbonate production
-Biologically introduced, biologically controlled – hugely important since Cambrian explosion
-Biochemical
-Chemical
There are five main types of carbonate production
Warm, shallow (tropical) conditions, Cold (temperate polar), pelagic (open ocean), microbial,
non-marine
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Summary
Carbonates can have a bio-mineralisation, biochemical or chemical origin
Composed of skeletal and non-skeletal grains of various properties
Growth is sensitive to a number of environmental Conditions
Can accumulate a large amount of material
Can accumulate in a variety of different environments, not just reefs
Practical 13 Hand specimen description
Specimen SP97- Fossilifourous, coral (Calcareous?) limestone?
Light grey/pale brown colour, well consolidated, fine-medium grained, and presence of white/clear
crystals most likely calcite possibly aragonite due to the presence of coral
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NOTE: photo available in iphone complete hand drawing
Title: Arid and Carbonate Coastlines
Description: Sedimentology lecture notes for first year Undergrads Lectures presented at Royal Holloway University of London
Description: Sedimentology lecture notes for first year Undergrads Lectures presented at Royal Holloway University of London