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Effectiveness of an Audience
There are two different impacts that an audience can have on an individual
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The effect and intensity of the social facilitation depends on 3 factors (Zajonc):
I
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III
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Self-presentation theory – the drive to present a favourable image
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Distraction conflict theory – Any audience will distract the
performer from the task which may decrease decision
making time
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An effective team has a strong team leader, efficient group cohesion and they maximise the
skills available
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2
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4
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Storming – Conflict of ideas and compete for power
Norming – New ideas become set and the group begins to work together
Performing – All team members are aware of their roles and they start to work very
efficiently
5
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Steiner’s model represents group performance:
Actual group performance = potential productivity – losses due to faulty processes
Potential productivity is the best possible performance that the team is able to give
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For
example:
 Role clarity (match roles to individual which suits them)

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Praise
Use rewards
Team selection
Organise practise for all
roles

The ringlemann effect is where
it is believed that an
individual’s performance will
decrease as the team size
increases
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Minimising strategy – The performer gives the minimum level of effort in order to
achieve the current task
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Leadership
‘The process of influencing individuals and groups towards goals’
Types of leadership:
1
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The leader does not mix with the
members of the team on a personal level and is more focused on completing the
task at hand
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(pressurised situation)
2
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Its more performer based and is
interested in developing relationships with the members as well as completing the

task
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Suitable for a smaller group
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Laissez-faire leadership – The leader does not have much of a role in this style and
lets the members make the decisions
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Suitable for low pressure situations
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Prescribed leader – You have no control over the choice of you being leader
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(democratic)

This factor depends on three concepts:
1
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Task structure (is it clear what has to be done)
3
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1) Leader delivers the actual style
2) We look at this and decide the required style
3) The group may have a preferred style



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