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Title: Herbivores and Carnivores Digestive System
Description: the differences between herbivore and carnivore digestive systems.

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The Digestive System









Herbivores and Carnivores
First of all, what is a Digestive System? The digestive system is a group of
organs that work together to convert food into energy and nutrients to feed
your entire body
...
Food is broken down, bit by bit,
until the molecules are small enough to be absorbed and the waste products
are eliminated
...
It includes the mouth, pharynx,
oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
...

The food begins it journey through the
digestive system in the mouth, also known as
the oral cavity
...
The teeth help to chop up the food into
smaller pieces, which are moistened by saliva
before the tongue and other muscles push the
food into the pharynx
...
The pharynx is responsible for passing the
masses of chewed food from the mouth to the oesophagus
...
It carries swallowed masses of chewed food
...
The function of this sphincter is to close off the end of the
oesophagus and to trap the food in the stomach
...
In an average person, the stomach is about the size of their two fists

placed together
...
The stomach does also
contain hydrochloric acid and digestive
enzymes that continues the digestion
of the food that began in the mouth
...
It is located just
under the stomach and take up most of the space in the abdominal cavity
...
The inside surfaces
of the small intestine are full of many wrinkles and folds
...

By the time the food is ready to leave the small intestine, about 90% of all the
nutrients have been taken out from the food that entered through the mouth
...
The liver is the second
largest organ in the body
...
The
gallbladder is a small pear shaped
organ that is located just behind the
liver
...


The pancreas is located just under and behind the stomach
...

The large intestine is a long, think tube
about 3 inches in diameter and about 5
feet long
...
The large intestine absorbs
water and contains bacteria that help
breaking down of wastes
...

To get energy and nutrients to the body, six major functions take place in the
digestive system:
• Ingestion of foods
• Secretion of fluids and digestive enzymes
• Mixing and movement of food and waste through the body
• Digestion of food into smaller pieces
• Absorption of nutrients
• Excretion of wastes
Ingestion - The first function of the digestive system is
ingestion, or the in take of food
...

Both the mouth and the stomach are also responsible for the
storage of food as its waiting to be digested
...

Egestion – This section consists of two main parts, the large
intestine and the rectum
...
Bacteria present in the large intestine act upon the
undigested material, providing vitamin A and K
...
Peristalsis
continues on through the large intestine, pushing out the all the waste
material into the rectum
...

Zebras Digestive System
Zebras are herbivores, they eat grass, shrubs, roots and bark, the zebra eats
through the mouth and chews with their teeth
...

When the zebra’s
food is being eaten,
the peristalsis –
which is waves of
muscular
contractions, helps
the food push down
the GI tract
...
Then
the oral cavity sends
a signal so that it
activates the
salivary glands to release enough mucus for the carbohydrates, so that the
food can digest properly
...
The oesophagus moves the food from the pharynx to the stomach
...


Then next is the stomach; the stomach is a very elastic like organ because it
needs to expand so that the food being eaten by the zebra can be digested
...
Gastric juices are in the stomach so
that the bacteria in the food that the zebra’s eats can be killed
...
The gallbladder,
pancreas makes the enzymes
...
Both the large and small
intestines help reabsorb the water that has entered the GI tract
...

Zebras have about 44 teeth
...

The incisors are straight and sharp and
grow continually throughout the zebras
lives because it gets warn down cutting
through things
...
The constant grinding of grass wears
the teeth down, but the zebras tooth never stops growing
...
The shapes of the teeth are determined by
what the animals are eating
...
It needs huge molars to do this so that zebras can digest
their food easier
...
The cranial cavity covers and protects the brain and it
supports several other organs
...
The oral cavity is the passage way into the respiratory and digestive
system
...




Lions Digestive System
Lions are carnivores, which means that their diet is basically made up of meat
...
The usual method of killing
is to ambush the prey from behind and bite its neck, this usually breaks the
prey’s spinal cord, killing it
...
Lions can eat up to 40 pounds of meat in just one meal
...

First the tiger chews its food
into bolus (mush)
...

Now the food moves into the
stomach and is broken up into
smaller pieces by digestive
juices
...
The small intestine also
absorbs most of the nutrients from the food such as glucose, protein, and fats
...
This is
where the water from the food is absorbed into the body
...
The chyme now
starts to turn into faeces
...

Carnivore’s teeth are different from herbivores because of the different food
...
Their incisors strip of flesh from the
bone
...

Carnivores have a shorter jaw than most
herbivores because that helps give them a
powerful bite
...
Herbivores are known as animals that eat only plant, this
includes leaves, grains, and seeds
...
The most obvious differences are the teeth
...


This allows them to properly grind the fibres that are found in plants and,
crush the seeds and grains
...
This allows them to tear through skin, muscle and
ligaments and help them chew the meat
...
Due to the fact, that herbivores only eat
plants, their mouth opening is almost smaller in the scale to their head size
...
This is because carnivores do not just
use their mouth to eat
...
It is longer because it
is a slower process for them to absorb the nutrients from the plants they have
eaten
...
The
reason is because they need to obtain energy quickly from the meat that they
have just eaten
...
One is that their diets will change time to
time throughout their lives depending on their surroundings
...
Also
their food choices might change by what types of change they are going
through
Title: Herbivores and Carnivores Digestive System
Description: the differences between herbivore and carnivore digestive systems.