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6．Major Applications
6-1 Power Supply Circuits
Stable DC power supplies are divided into intermittent control types (switching regulator) and
Continuous control types (Dropper)
...
The capacitors used in switching regulators are selected depending on the circuit
...
25
...
Fig
...
These capacitors have large volumes (ground contact areas) compared to other components they
are assembled with ,and so the demand for more compact capacitors, as well as power supplies,
is strong
...
−26−
(2)Aluminum Electrolytic capacitors for Output Smoothing Circuits
The rated voltage of aluminum electrolytic capacitors used for smoothing at switching frequencies
(20k～500ｋHz) is determined by the output voltage, and they must have low impedance(low ESR) at
switching frequencies
...
These low impedance products also have an extremely stable life, and they are expected to become
6-2 Inverters
With the advancement of power devices for high electric power, semiconductor devices for controlling
power supplies with capacitors from 1W to 10kW have come into practical application
...
The smoothing circuits of the input sections of these inverter circuits also use aluminum electrolytic capacitors
...
Here we describe an example of an inverter application and the necessity of using an
aluminum electrolytic capacitor in the inverter circuit and in smoothing
...
The input section of these general-use inverters smoothes a 200-VAC, thee-phase current employs a power
transistor to make an alternating
current for driving the motor
...
26
...
The type of capacitor used depends on the output capacity
...
One point to be careful of when selecting a capacitor is the
rated voltage since the voltages at both
−27−
○ Inverter Air Conditioners
(Since inverter air conditioners for home use came on the market in 1983 because of their efficiency and low
power consumption, their production volume has skyrocketed
...
Electrolytic capacitor
Input
1
phase
Typical circuit
C 1,C2
Rated
Rated Ripple Rated
Rated Ripple
voltage capacitance current voltage capacitance current
330
3A
|
|
680ɥF
200V
3A
|
|
8A
at 60Hz
2200ɥF
6A
at 120Hz
3A
1300
3A
|
|
|
|
220ɥF
350V
1300
70
250V
100V
1
phase
C3
6A
at 60Hz
2200ɥF
6A
at 120Hz
330V
350V
2
...
5A
at 120Hz
350V
200V
The capacitors C1 and C2 in particular, in the initial stage of single phase 100 VAC and 200 VAC circuits
must have a low capacitance and an extremely high ripple current resistance in order to raise the power
factor, and compared to capacitors for general power supply circuits, they must have high heat resistance
and low loss
...
○ Others
The use of devices employing inverter circuits is also increasing in uninterrupted power supplies, inverter
power supplies for train air conditioners and other purely industrial applications
...
−28−
7
...
ECU (electrical control unit) which carries out in-vehicle control is asked for high reliance, a miniaturization,
and high quality, and many aluminum electrolytic capacitors are used for it
...
(1) Power train ECU
（Engine、HV-Inverter etc
...
）
Battery
M
Vin(+B)=14V
①Input smoothing ②Output smoothing
(3) LED Lump
Battery
DC/DC
Vin(+B)=14V
②Output smoothing
(4) Airbag
Battery
DC/DC
Bag
Vin(+B)=14V
Sensor
Igniton
device
Nitrogen
gas
③Energy reserve
Gas
generated a gent
−29−
In automotive application, there are mainly an object for smoothing of input and output of the power supply
of ECU and an object for energy reserve
...
Not only current aluminum capacitor, aluminum capacitor with conductive polymer and electrolyte is
increasing due to improve quality, performance, with standing-voltage
...
−30−