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Title: Biology - Protein Basics
Description: The foundation to proteins for A-Level biology.
Description: The foundation to proteins for A-Level biology.
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A Level Basics of Proteins
Proteins are polymers - this means they are large, complex chains, made up of monomers
which are small, basic units
...
The monomers for proteins are called amino acids - one monomer is one amino acid
...
a) A monomer is one amino acid
...
This can be remembered as 'di' means two,
and 'peptide' is the type of bond formed between two amino acids
...
This can be remembered as
'polypeptide' in this case means 'many bonds'
...
The basic structure for an amino acid is harder to remember - is has one carbon in the centre
...
This is often
represented by an 'R'
...
The variable group of this is one hydrogen
...
This is when the carboxyl group (COOH) forms a peptide bonds with the
amino group (H2N); the OH from the carboxyl and an H from the amino group combine and
are lost as water
...
This is shown in a diagram as a carbon bonded to a nitrogen, and the left over oxygen is
doubled bonded to that carbon
...
Essentially, you
are giving back the two hydrogens and one oxygen you took away as water
Title: Biology - Protein Basics
Description: The foundation to proteins for A-Level biology.
Description: The foundation to proteins for A-Level biology.