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Dysphagia
Dysphagia can be classified as oropharyngeal or esophageal
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Esophageal dysphagia can initiate swallowing but have difficulty passing the food down the
esophagus
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Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is initially recommended except in patients with history of
prior radiation, caustic injury, complex stricture, or surgery for esophageal/laryngeal cancer
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Patients with negative endoscopy should then have barium swallow for
further evaluation
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Barium swallow is recommended initially for these patients as it is more effective than
endoscopy in evaluating motility disorders
atients who have a barium swallow suggesting a motility disorderthen undergo esophageal
motility studies (manometry} to confirm the diagnosis