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Genetic  Diversity  
 

Genetic  Diversity  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
•  Genetic  diversity  and  the  influences  of  it  

Genetic  Diversity  
 

Genetic  Diversity  and  the  influences  on  it  
 

Genetic  Diversity  

•   Differences  between  organisms  may  be  defined  as  variation  in  DNA
...
 
•   The  greater  the  number  of  differences  in  alleles,  the  greater  the  genetic  
diversity
...
 This  is  
due  to  a  wider  variety  of  alleles  and  so  a  wider  variety  of  characteristics
...
 
•   Identifies  organisms  with  the  desired  characteristics  and  uses  them  to  
parent  the  next  generation
...
 
•   This  way  unwanted  alleles  and  therefore  unwanted  characteristics  are  
bred  out  of  the  population
...
 
•   Commonly  used  to  produce  high-­‐yielding  breeds  of  domesticated  animals  
or  some  strains  of  plants
...
 
 

The  founder  effect  
•   Occurs  when  only  a  few  individuals  of  a  species  colonise  a  new  region
...
 
•   The  population  that  grows  from  the  new  founders  will  therefore  have  less  
variety  of  alleles  to  pass  on  and  will  therefore  be  less  genetically  diverse
...
 

Genetic  Diversity  
 

Genetic  bottlenecks  
•   Populations  may  suffer  a  dramatic  drop  in  numbers  (e
...
 due  to  a  natural  
disaster  such  as  a  volcanic  eruption)
...
 
•   As  these  individuals  breed,  the  genetic  diversity  remains  restricted
...
 
 

 



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