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STRUCTURE OF ATOM
 Atom: It is the smallest particle of an element that takes part in chemical reaction
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 Fundamental particles of an atom are electron, proton and neutron
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602 X 10-19 coulomb negative charge (- 1
unit) and mass 9
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It is represented by the symbol ‘e’
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602 X 10-19 coulomb positive charge (+1
unit) and mass 1
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It is represented by the symbol ‘p’
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678 X 10-27 kg
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 Electrons were discovered by J
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Thomson
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J
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 Neutrons were discovered by James Chadwick
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 Nucleons
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 Extra nuclear part contains electrons
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 Cathode rays consist of negatively charged particles called electrons
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These are also called canal rays
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It is
denoted by the symbol Z
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 Valence shell of an atom represents the outermost shell where electrons are present
and the electrons are called valence electrons
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It is denoted by A
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 Valence electrons
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 Valency
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 Isotopes are the atoms of the same element having same atomic number but different
mass numbers
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 Bohr’s Model of an atom assumes quantisation of energy and quantisation of
angular momentum of an electron
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No
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(A) No
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Of Protons (p) No

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