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Title: The Nature of Liquids and Solids (13.2-13.3)
Description: Taken from the textbook Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation ISBN-13: 978-1439049402
Description: Taken from the textbook Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation ISBN-13: 978-1439049402
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13
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❖ Particles of a liquid spin and vibrate while they move, adding to their average kinetic
energy
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❖ Liquids are denser than gases and increasing pressure on liquid has hardly any effect on
its volume
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❖ Evaporation: when this occurs at the surface of a liquid that is not boiling
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❖ A measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid is called the vapor pressure and an
increase in temperature of a contained liquid increases the vapor pressure
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❖ The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is just equal to the external
pressure on the liquid
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❖ Normal boiling point - the bp of a liquid at a pressure of 101
...
3 The Nature of Solids
❖ The general properties of a solid reflect the orderly arrangements and fixed locations
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within the solid breaks down the vibrations of particles are strong enough to overcome
attractions holding them in fixed positions and the solid changes to a liquid
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❖ At the melting or freezing point, the liquid and solid phases are in equilibrium
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❖ A unit cell is the smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the geometric
shape of the crystal
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❖ An amorphous solid lacks an ordered internal structure and atoms are randomly arranged
Title: The Nature of Liquids and Solids (13.2-13.3)
Description: Taken from the textbook Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation ISBN-13: 978-1439049402
Description: Taken from the textbook Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation ISBN-13: 978-1439049402