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Title: Chapter 2 Review Notes & Answer
Description: These note give an outline to help with test and quizzes that have to do with college level biology. All of the notes are easy to read and are very organized.

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1
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How many chemical elements occur naturally?
Chemical element are elements that were formed by chemical means
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2
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3
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C,H,O,N / Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
4
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5
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Explain where each of these subatomic particle are found in an atom
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Protons are positively charged, Neutrons are neutrally charged, and Electrons are negatively
charged
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6
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Chemical Reactions always have the same amount of matter that the reaction started with
due to the Law of Conservation of Matter
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7
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Atomic number is the number of protons and atomic mass is the number of protons also
added with the neutrons
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Describe isotopes of an element
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9
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How many electrons will likely be
found in the various energy levels? Explain the significance of valence shell electrons
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2 electrons are found in the first level and 8 are
found in every other level
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10
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Which electrons of an atom are most involved in bonding?

The three types of chemical bonds are covalent bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrogen (H)
bonds
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Ionic bonds are
formed by two ions with oppositely charged particles attracting to each other
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A Hydrogen bond is the weakest bond between one atom and a hydrogen atom
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(Valence meaning the outermost electrons)
11
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Give a few examples of common ions
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An ion is formed when an atom is positively or negatively charged in one way or another
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Commons ions include
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Cations are when an ion is positively charged and an anion is when an ion is negatively
charged
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Which of the three bond types is the strongest? Which is weakest?

The covalent bond is the strongest bond, while the hydrogen bond is the weakest
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13
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What does that mean?

A polar covalent bond is when there are unequal sharing of electrons or different
electronegativity
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How is the attraction (pull) of electrons related to polar covalent bonds in water?

The pull of electrons is when another electron pulls on the atoms electrons it is paired with
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15
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Hydrogen bonds allow water to have the properties of hydrogen and oxygen
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Adhesion allows one substance to cling on to
another
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16
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Sweating helps cool off the body temperature by releasing some of the heat through a

process called Regulation
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Describe some consequences of the fact that ice is less dense than water
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Title: Chapter 2 Review Notes & Answer
Description: These note give an outline to help with test and quizzes that have to do with college level biology. All of the notes are easy to read and are very organized.