Notesale: Turn your study into money

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Direct Data Capture Methods
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Chip and PIN Reader
3
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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
1
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The strip on the cards holds information such as:
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Name of card holder
3
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Etc
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This is then sent into computer for processing
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Hotel rooms in place of keys to open the door
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No entry errors as there is no typing involved
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g
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are safe
Disadvantages of Magnetic Stripe Readers
They hold small amounts of data
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g
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Magnetic stripes on cards are easily duplicated (card cloning or skimming)
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Chip and Pin Reader
Reads data encoded in a chip
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Bank account number
2
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Expiry date of membership
4
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The chip and pin reader works by inserting a card into a slot and then entering a PIN (personal
identification number)
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)
Uses
EFTPOS (electronic funds transfer point of sale) terminals to make secure payments
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Chips can hold more data than magnetic stripes can
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Shoulder surfing for the PIN allows one to access your money if they steal your card
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Barcode Scanner/Reader
Used to read information that is stored on products which include:
1
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Manufacturer
3
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Check Digit
The barcode scanner reads the information stored on a barcode by the light reflected and translated into
digital information
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This information is held in a computer database
and accessed using the product id
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Handheld scanners are also commonly used to read bar codes (usually if items are too large and heavy to
move to the scanner)
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Uses of Barcode Readers
At POS (point of sale) terminals in supermarkets
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Organizing luggage in airports (helps ensure that luggage is loaded onto the correct plane)
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Enables automatic stock control
Disadvantages of Barcode Readers
They are costly- The barcode and the scanners, computer and database needed are also expensive
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RFID readers can be read at an angle
Very accurate as there is no manual typing involved
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Damaged barcodes cannot be read-if damaged
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(attached to
the surface of an item or inside)
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RFID readers can scan tags up to 300 feet away
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The RFID reader does not need to be directly pointed to the tag in order to read it
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RFID readers will replace barcode readers in the future
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g
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Tags can be screw-shaped to identify trees or wooden items
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Steps of Reading Passports
1
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2
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3
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4
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Since the tags can be read through clothing one does not need to get out their passport in order to pass
identification checks at airports
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RFID tags can be read from longer distances compared to barcode scanners
Tags can be read without a direct line of sight
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This means that you can add to or alter information already on the tag
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Eg
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Disadvantages of RFID readers
It is possible to steal information on bank cards and passports
RFID tags and readers are more expensive than barcodes/barcode readers
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This can cause the reader to fail
when trying to read a tag
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Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
System reads marks made in pen or pencil
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A pencil mark causes less reflection
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Uses of OMRs
Used to read the shaded areas on documents such as:
Multiple choice examinations
Multiple choice questionnaires
Lottery tickets
Attendance (e
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class registers or workers clocking in)
Advantages of OMR's
Fast way of inputting information into a computer
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If forms have been incorrectly filled in they cannot be read properly
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Forms can jam in the machine as they are fed through
Difficult for a computer to check marked data

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Once into the computer, OCR software converts the scanned text into a digital format
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Uses of OCR's:
Processing of Passport and Identity Cards
Digitizing books
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g
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Less errors as there no typing involved
Disadvantages of OCR's
The system can have difficulty reading handwriting
It is not 100% accurate
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Uses of MICR:
A
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Below there is a summary of the process:
Cheques are sent to banks for processing
MICR reads the following information from cheques:
Customer account number
Bank sort-code/branch number
Cheque number
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Both files are updated and a receipt is printed
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To read the passport number on passports
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More secure than OCR because special ink characters cannot be changed
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Information can still be read even if someone writes over the magnetic ink characters (only the original
data is read)
Disadvantages of MICR
Only a few types of characters can be read
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For example, the car may have been reported stolen or there may be no record of car tax being paid on
the vehicle
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