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Title: Achievement goal theory
Description: - Introduction to Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) - Goal involvement - Goal orientation - States of involvement - Measurement of goal perspectives - Development process - Early research in Sport - Goal profiles - Contemporary approaches - Cluster analysis Suitable - 1st to 3rd year University studying Sport and Exercise Science

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Week 13a - Sports psychology
Motivation
Achievement goal theory (Nicholls, 1984, 1989)
- A social cognitive approach to motivation
- We are intentional, rational goal-directed organisms
- Individuals engage in achievement situations in order to demonstrate (& maximise
perceptions of) competence
- Two factors interact to determine a person’s motivation in achievement situations
1) Perceptions of ability (competence)
2) How individuals define success (achievement goals)

Goal involvement
• Goal perspectives are used to evaluate an experience as a success or failure
- My perspective reflects – how I define ’success’

• Two principal goal perspectives
- Task involvement: perceptions of demonstrated success are self-referenced (focus
on learning, mastery, enjoyment)
- Ego involvement: perceptions of demonstrated success are other referenced (based
on outperforming others)

AGT – Linking involvement to orientations

Goal orientation = dispositional tendency (proneness) to be task or ego involved in
achievement situations
- Can only be task or ego involved at any one time

States of involvement
Personal factors (P)
- Goal orientations (Task/Ego)

Situational factors
- Motivational climate (Performance/mastery)

P X S = States of Involvement (Task/Ego) à Goal-setting styles
(outcome, performance, process)

A person is task-orientated when:
- Competence perceptions are based on a personal performance
- Success is defined as personal improvement

A person is ego-orientated when:
- Judges competence by comparing their own ability to others
- Defines success in such terms





Week 13a - Sports psychology
Measurement of goal perspectives
- Measurements of states of involvement is very difficult
Title: Achievement goal theory
Description: - Introduction to Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) - Goal involvement - Goal orientation - States of involvement - Measurement of goal perspectives - Development process - Early research in Sport - Goal profiles - Contemporary approaches - Cluster analysis Suitable - 1st to 3rd year University studying Sport and Exercise Science