Notesale: Turn your study into money

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Pages​ ​149-159
- Any​ ​physical​ ​characteristics​ ​is​ ​referred​ ​to​ ​as​ ​a​ ​physical​ ​property
Physical​ ​Property
•​ ​A​ ​characteristic​ ​of​ ​a​ ​substance​ ​that​ ​you​ ​can​ ​observe​ ​and​ ​measure​ ​without​ ​changing​ ​the
identity​ ​of​ ​the​ ​substance
Qualitative​ ​Physical​ ​Properties
•​ ​Can​ ​be​ ​observed​ ​and​ ​described​ ​without​ ​detailed​ ​measurement
•​ ​Usually​ ​obvious​ ​to​ ​observe
•​ ​Colour,​ ​smell​ ​are​ ​examples​ ​of​ ​qualitative​ ​physical​ ​properties
•​ ​Lustre​ ​is​ ​if​ ​it’s​ ​shiny​ ​or​ ​dull
•​ ​Malleability​ ​is​ ​if​ ​it’s​ ​soft​ ​or​ ​hard​ ​(How​ ​it​ ​bends)
Quantitative​ ​Physical​ ​Properties
•​ ​Can​ ​be​ ​measured​ ​and​ ​assigned​ ​a​ ​particular​ ​value
• Solubility​ ​is​ ​the​ ​ability​ ​to​ ​dissolve​ ​in​ ​another​ ​substance
•​ ​Density​ ​is​ ​the​ ​ratio​ ​of​ ​mass​ ​to​ ​volume
•​ ​Viscosity​ ​is​ ​resistance​ ​to​ ​flow​ ​(liquid)
States​ ​of​ ​Matter
•​ ​The​ ​specific​ ​temperature​ ​at​ ​which​ ​an​ ​element​ ​or​ ​a​ ​compound​ ​changes​ ​state​ ​is​ ​a​ ​characteristic
physical​ ​property
•​ ​Melting:​ ​Solid-Liquid
-​ ​The​ ​temperature​ ​when​ ​a​ ​solid​ ​turns​ ​into​ ​a​ ​liquid​ ​is​ ​called​ ​the​ ​melting​ ​point
•​ ​Solidification:​ ​Liquid-Solid
•​ ​Evaporation:​ ​Liquid-Gas
-​ ​The​ ​temperature​ ​at​ ​which​ ​a​ ​liquid​ ​turns​ ​into​ ​gas​ ​is​ ​called​ ​the​ ​boiling​ ​point
•​ ​Boiling​ ​point​ ​of​ ​water:​ ​100º
•​ ​Boiling​ ​point​ ​of​ ​helium:​ ​-269º
•​ ​Sublimation:​ ​Solid-Gas
•​ ​Deposition:​ ​Gas-Solid
Solubility
•​ ​A​ ​measure​ ​of​ ​the​ ​ability​ ​of​ ​a​ ​substance​ ​to​ ​dissolve​ ​in​ ​another​ ​substance
•​ ​The​ ​solubility​ ​of​ ​a​ ​substance​ ​is​ ​the​ ​maximum​ ​quantity​ ​of​ ​a​ ​substance​ ​that​ ​can​ ​dissolve​ ​in​ ​a
given​ ​amount​ ​of​ ​solvent​ ​at​ ​a​ ​particular​ ​temperature​ ​and​ ​pressure
•​ ​Units:​ ​Solute​ ​per​ ​Mass​ ​of​ ​Solvent
•​ ​Units:​ ​Mass​ ​of​ ​solute​ ​per​ ​volume​ ​of​ ​solvent
•​ ​A​ ​substance​ ​that​ ​does​ ​not​ ​dissolve​ ​or​ ​has​ ​a​ ​very​ ​low​ ​solubility​ ​is​ ​sometimes​ ​described​ ​as
being​ ​insoluble
•​ ​The​ ​Hardness​ ​of​ ​a​ ​substance​ ​refers​ ​to​ ​its​ ​ability​ ​to​ ​be​ ​scratched

•​ ​Water​ ​is​ ​a​ ​pure​ ​substance
•​ ​Density​ ​is​ ​defined​ ​as​ ​the​ ​mass​ ​of​ ​a​ ​substance​ ​that​ ​occupies​ ​a​ ​certain​ ​unit​ ​volume
•​ ​Formula​ ​to​ ​find​ ​density​ ​is:​ ​D=m/v​ ​(Mass/Volume)
•​ ​Density​ ​showed​ ​in​ ​cubic​ ​centimetres​ ​(tiny​ ​3)

159​ ​Questions:
1
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​ ​Use​ ​examples​ ​of
properties​ ​listed​ ​in​ ​Tables​ ​4
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3​ ​as​ ​part​ ​of​ ​your​ ​discussion
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​ ​An​ ​example​ ​of​ ​this​ ​would​ ​be​ ​something​ ​like​ ​colour
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2
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3
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​ ​The​ ​DDT​ ​stays​ ​in​ ​each​ ​cod​ ​and​ ​the​ ​seal​ ​eats​ ​many​ ​arctic​ ​cod,
absorbing​ ​all​ ​the​ ​DDT​ ​from​ ​each​ ​fish
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​ ​What​ ​property​ ​determines​ ​the​ ​choice​ ​of​ ​material​ ​that​ ​is​ ​used​ ​for​ ​the​ ​inside​ ​of​ ​an
electrical​ ​wire​ ​and​ ​the​ ​material​ ​that​ ​is​ ​used​ ​for​ ​the​ ​outside​ ​of​ ​the​ ​wire?
Conductivity​ ​determines​ ​the​ ​choice​ ​of​ ​material​ ​for​ ​the​ ​inside​ ​of​ ​an​ ​electrical​ ​wire​ ​and​ ​the
material​ ​that​ ​is​ ​used​ ​for​ ​the​ ​outside​ ​of​ ​the​ ​wire
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​ ​When​ ​might​ ​a​ ​large​ ​volume​ ​of​ ​material​ ​have​ ​little​ ​mass?
When​ ​the​ ​material​ ​is​ ​lightweight,​ ​it​ ​can​ ​have​ ​a​ ​large​ ​volume​ ​and​ ​a​ ​little​ ​mass
6
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3​ ​g/cm^3
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02​ ​g/cm^3
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04​ ​g​ ​and​ ​a​ ​volume​ ​of​ ​4
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​ ​Have​ ​you​ ​found​ ​gold​ ​or​ ​fool’s​ ​gold?
Density​ ​is​ ​mass/volume
25
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99=5
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​ ​The​ ​density​ ​of​ ​red​ ​wine​ ​vinegar​ ​is​ ​1
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92
g/cm^3
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The​ ​Ingredients​ ​separated​ ​in​ ​the​ ​bottle,​ ​as​ ​shown​ ​on​ ​the​ ​right
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The​ ​red​ ​wine​ ​vinegar​ ​will​ ​be​ ​on​ ​the​ ​bottom​ ​and​ ​the​ ​olive​ ​oil​ ​on​ ​the​ ​top
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8
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If​ ​the​ ​density​ ​of​ ​ice​ ​was​ ​higher​ ​than​ ​the​ ​density​ ​of​ ​the​ ​water,​ ​the​ ​water​ ​would​ ​be​ ​frozen​ ​and
undrinkable​ ​so​ ​live​ ​would​ ​not​ ​be​ ​possible

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