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Amity School Of Business

Internet

Amity School of Business

• The Internet is a network of computer linking, many
different types of computer all over the world
...

• Internet is a world wide collection of separate but
interconnected networks that are accessed daily by
millions of people to obtain information, disseminate
information or communicate with others
...

• It Covers the globe and includes large, international
networks as well as many smaller LANs

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Amity School of Business

History and Evolution
• The Internet has its root in the ARPANET system of
the Advance Research Project Agency of the U
...

Department of Defense
...
The internet evolved
from basic ideas of ARPANET for interconnecting
computers, and was used by research organizations and
universities initially to share and exchange
information
...
S
...

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Amity School Of Business

Year Wise Development of Business
Amity School
• 1960 – US Department of Defence created a network
ARPANET (Advance Research Projects Agency
Network) to link US scientific and academic
researchers
...

• 1980 - National Science Foundation (NSF) used
ARPANET to connect 5 regional supercomputers
centres at major universities so users could share
their work
...

• 1990 - Development of WWW
• In 2001 - 60 million computers were connected to
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Internet
...

• Internet Society (ISOC) is the closest as owner of
Internet
...

• There are some governing bodies overseeing the
technical aspects of Internet
...


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Amity School Of Business

Amity School of Business

•

Internet Society (ISOC) – critical mission is to
work for Internet development, evolution, use and
benefit the people around the world
...
Public policy : The frame policy regarding copyright,
privacy access and censorship
...
Education and Training : In order to improve
Internet infrastructure in developing countries, ISOC
delivers education and training program
...
Maintaining Standard : ISOC works typically for
development and maintaining of Internet Standards
...

– An intranet is a LAN or WAN that uses TCP/IP protocols
but belong exclusively to a corporation, school, or
organization
...
If the intranet is connected to
the internet, then it is secured by a firewall to prevent
unauthorized users from gaining access to it
...
To gain entrance to
the extranet’s resources, an external user typically
must log on to the network by providing a valid user
ID and password
...

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Amity School of Business

Three Myths about Internet
• Myths 1 : Internet is free
• Myths 2 : Someone control the Internet
• Myths 3 : The Internet and world wide web are
Identical

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Amity School Of Business

Amity School of Business

Internet Concepts
Client Server Technology
• Internet is based on Client-Server technology
...

• Computers that read the information offered are
called Clients
...

– Rely on servers for
• Files
• Devices
• Processing power

– Example: E-mail client
• An application that enables you to send and receive e-mail
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Addressing Schemes – IP Addresses and
Amity
Domain Name System School of Business
• DNS
• IP Addresses
• Every machine connected to the Internet must have an
address by which it can be located on the Internet
...

• IP Address must be unique
...

• The IP address is a set of numbers separated by dots
...
100
...
32
01101110
...
10001
...

• DNS names are constructed in a hierarchical naming
fashion
...


• Every computer on the Internet can have both a
domain name (Virtual Domain) and an IP address
...

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ibm
...
edu, songs
...
com – for commercial organisations (Business)
–
...
gov – non military government organizations
–
...
mil – Military
–
...
au - Australia

...
fr - France

...
in - India

...
pk - Pakistan

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Amity School of Business

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
• Each webpage has a unique address, called a Uniform
Resource Locator (URL) that identifies its location on
the Internet
...

• http://www
...
com/index
...
html (web page address)
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Amity School Of Business

Amity School of Business

Protocols
• TCP/IP
– Industry
developed

standard
in

protocol

1970s

and

suite

1980s

for
by

WAN

the

US

Department of Defense
...

– TCP/IP suite consists of 2 protocols – TCP and IP
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Amity School of Business

• IP
– Provides basic network connectivity
– Breaks data into packets – datagrams
– Routes the packet efficiently to its destination

• TCP
– Error Checking
– Ordering the packets
– Removal of duplicate packets
– Recovery from lost packets
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Amity School Of Business

Amity School of Business

• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
• HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
• TELNET

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Amity School of Business

Internet Services
• Internet Service Provider (ISP)
• Internet Content Provider (ICP)
• Application Services Provider (ASP)
• World Wide Web (www)

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Amity School Of Business

Amity School of Business

Internet Application
• Electronic Mail (E-mail)
• Newsgroups
• Telnet – Remote Access to Distant Computer
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
• Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP)
• Chat

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Amity School of Business

Internet - Advantages
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Employment Opportunities
High Speed
24*7
Knowledge Reservoir
Interactive Communication
Business on the Internet
Non biased
Direct contacts between customers and organisations
Reduction of Uncertainty
Cost Effective
Source of Entertainment
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Amity School Of Business

Amity School of Business

Internet - Disadvantages
•
•
•
•
•

Internet Crime
Virus attacks
Privacy Issues
Pornography
Physical Ailments

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Amity School of Business

Censorship and Privacy
Issues
• There are many important societal issues related to
the Internet
...

Two important issues – censorship and privacy – are
discussed in context of Internet use

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