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KINE 374 Upper Extremity Muscles
Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Actions

Nerve (297, 324328)

Deltoid
p
...
308

Clavicular (medial half of
clavicle), sternocostal
(sternum and 2nd-6th costal
cartilages), abdominal
(anterior layer of rectus
sheath)
3rd-5th ribs

Crest of greater tubercle
of humerus

Coracobrachialis
p
...
298

Descending (occipital
bone, superior nuchal line
and external occipital
protuberance, spinous
processes of all cervical
vertebrae via nuchal
ligament), transverse
(broad aponeurosis at the
level of T1-T4 spinous
processes), ascending
(spinous processes of T5T12)

Descending (lateral third
of clavicle), transverse
(acromion), ascending
(scapular spine)

Pectoralis minor
p
...
300

Transverse process of C1C4 vertebrae

Superior angle of scapula

Rhomboids
p
...
306

Vertebral (spinous
processes of T7-T12,
thoracolumbar fascia of
spinous processes of all
lumbar vertebrae and
sacrum), iliac (posterior
3rd of iliac crest), costal
(9th-12th ribs), scapular
(inferior angle of scapula)
Inferior angle of scapula

Serratus anterior
p
...
302

Supraspinous fossa of
scapula

Teres major
p
...
302

Infraspinous fossa of
scapula

Greater tubercle of
humerus

External rotation

Suprascapular nerve
(C4-C6)

Teres minor
p
...
302

Subscapular fossa of
scapula

Lesser tubercle of
humerus

Internal rotation

Upper and lower
subscapular nerves
(C5, C6)

Triceps brachii
p
...
310

Brachialis
p
...
316

Lateral surface of distal
humerus, lateral
intermuscular septum

Styloid process of radius

Elbow joint (flexion),
forearm joint
(semipronation)

Radial nerve (C5, C6)

Flexor carpi radialis
p
...
314

Humeral head (medial
epicondyle), ulnar head
(olecranon)

Pisiform, hook of
hamate, base of 5th
metacarpal

Wrist joints: flexion and
adduction (ulnar deviation)
of hand

Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Palmaris longus
p
...
314

Humero-ulnar head
(medial epicondyle of
humerus and coronoid
process of ulna), radial
head (anterior border of
radius distal to radial
tuberosity)
Proximal 2 thirds of
flexor surface of ulna and
adjacent interosseous
membrane

Sides of middle
phalanges of 2nd-5th
digits

Wrist joints and MCP/PIP
joints of 2nd-5th digits:
flexion

Median nerve (C8,
T1)

Palmar surface of distal
phalanges of 2nd-5th
digits

Wrist joints and
MCP/PIP/DIP joints of 2nd5th digits: flexion

Median nerve radial
part, 2nd-3rd digits
(C8, T1), ulnar nerve
ulnar part, 4th-5th
digits (C8, T1)

Lateral surface of radius
(distal to supinator
insertion)

Elbow joint (weak flexion),
forearm joint (pronation)

Median nerve (C6,
C7)

Flexor digitorum
profundus
p
...
314

Humeral head (medial
epicondyle of humerus),
ulnar head (coronoid
process of ulna)

Pronator quadratus
p
...
318

Olecranon of ulna, lateral
epicondyle of humerus,
radial collateral ligament,
anular ligament of radius

Radius (between radial
tuberosity and insertion
of pronator teres)

Radioulnar joint
(supination)

Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Extensor carpi
radialis longus
p
...
316

Lateral epicondyle of the
humerus

Dorsal base of the 3rd
metacarpal

Wrist joints: dorsal
extension (assists in fist
closure), abduction (radial
deviation) of the hand

Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Extensor carpi
ulnaris
p
...
318

Common head (lateral
epicondyle of humerus)

Dorsal digital expansion
of 2nd-5th digits

Wrist joints (extension),
MCP/PIP/DIP joints of 2nd5th digits (extension and
abduction of fingers)

Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Extensor indicis
p
...
314

Mid-anterior surface of
radius and adjacent
interosseous membrane

Palmar surface of distal
phalanx of thumb

Wrist joints (flexion and
radial abduction of hand),
carpometacarpal joint of
thumb (opposition), MCP/IP
joints of thumb (flexion)

Median nerve (C8,
T1)

Flexor pollicis
brevis
p
...
320

Transverse head (palmar
surface of 3rd metacarpal),
oblique head (capitate,
base of 2nd and 3rd
metacarpals)

Base of proximal
phalanx of thumb (via
ulnar sesamoid)

CMC joint of thumb
(opposition), MCP joint of
thumb (flexion)

Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Opponens pollicis
p
...
318

Posterior surface of ulna
and interosseous
membrane

Base of distal phalanx of
the thumb

Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Extensor pollicis
brevis
p
...
318

Dorsal surfaces of radius
and ulna, interosseous
membrane

Base of 1st metacarpal

Radiocarpal joint (abduction
radial deviation of hand),
carpometacarpal joint of
thumb (abduction)

Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Abductor pollicis
brevis
p
...
322

By 2 heads from adjacent
sides of the 1st-5th
metacarpals

MCP joints of 2nd-4th digits
(flexion), PIP/DIP joints of
2nd-4th digits (extension and
abduction of fingersabduction of index and ring
fingers from middle)

Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Palmar interossei
(1st-3rd)
p
...
318

Common head (lateral
epicondyle of humerus)

Dorsal digital expansion
of 5th digit

MCP joints of 2nd, 4th, 5th
digits (flexion), PIP/DIP
joints of 2nd, 4th, 5th digits
(extension and adduction of
fingers-adduction of 2nd, 4th,
5th digits toward middle
finger)
Wrist joints (extension,
adduction ulnar deviation),
MCP/PIP/DIP joints of 5th
digit (extension and
abduction of 5th digit)

Abductor digiti
minimi
p
...
320

Hook of hamate and
flexor retinaculum

Ulnar border of 5th
metacarpal

Draws metacarpal in
palmar direction
(opposition)

Ulnar nerve (C8,
T1)

Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Flexor digiti minimi
brevis
p
...
322

Radial sides of
tendons of flexor
digitorum profundus
(variable)

1st (dorsal digital
expansion of 2nd
digit-index finger),
2nd (dorsal digital
expansion of 3rd
digit-middle finger),
3rd (dorsal digital
expansion of 4th
digit-ring finger), 4th
(dorsal digit
expansion of 5th
digit-little finger)

MCP joints of 2nd-5th
digits (flexion),
PIP/DIP joints of 2nd5th digits (extension)

1st and 2nd
(median nerve,
C8, T1), 3rd and
4th (ulnar nerve
C8, T1)



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