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Management of Emotional and Psychological Problems
Introduction
Emotions are individual's subjective feelings and moods
...
The emotional and psychological
problems that are commonly experienced by many people include anxiety, stress, depression,
anger and grief
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Anxiety
Anxiety is a state of mental uneasiness or concern about some uncertain event
...
It
is a signal of impeding danger and conflict
...
Anxiety disorders are psychological disorders that
take several different forms but which are all related to a generalized feeling of anxiety
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Create negative selfstatements usually weaken a person internally makes one have less control of one's feelings and
thoughts
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Management of anxiety
A counsel tor should help a client to have positive self-talk that would help him or her calm down
and become clear as to his or her goal, as well as coach him or her in appropriate communications
to attain diem
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Clients can use their
self-taught skills before, during a
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Stress
Stress is a difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension
...
Events or situations in our
environment that cause stress are called stressors
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This definition recognizes flic fart thai different people find different things stressful and
that stress has the flavour of feeling strained to the extent of feeling overwhelmed (too much
stimulation) or bored (too little stimulation)
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These include death of a loved one, injury to one's child, war, failure
in school or at work and unplanned pregnancy
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Our daily life is filled with countless minor annoying sources of stress
known as hassles
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 Work related stress
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It is not surprising then that jobs or careers are a central source of stress
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Symptoms of stress
The signs of stress are often possible symptoms of illness
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One
symptom, unfortunately, is ignoring such symptoms
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Control of stress
The main control of stress is for one to avoid it as much as possible in the first place
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There is no single coping or management strategy that is right for everyone
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a) Physical relaxation
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However, for some
clients at least at a particular time in their life, it may actually add to stress
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Relaxation can also be boring and therefore stressful
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This is generally among the most effective strategies
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c) Social support
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However, it is a more complicated and
intangible strategy with presumably much in common with counselling and therapy
...
Eating vitamin foods or taking vitamin supplements and
drinking pure water is another strategy for managing stress
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Depression
Depression can be defined as a medical condition characterized by severe levels of sadness,
perceived helplessness, disinterest and
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Ithas been defined
as the emotional sinkhole of life
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People who are depressed tend to have limited motivation
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Because many elderly people are likely to lose
ability to engage in one kind of activity or other that they previously did effortlessly, they are
particularly vulnerable to becoming depressed and unmotivated
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If after
retirement a person does not find a fulfilling activity to engage in, he or she can easily become
depressed
...
Counsellors are expected, therefore, to assess and understand the cause of the client's
depression so as to know the skills to use to help him/her
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Management of depressions
There are many types of intervention for managing depression
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Depressed people are generally not confident and
do not feel good about themselves
...
This can be done by helping the client to look at the alternatives to his
thoughts and to try out new behaviors
...
Clients can be asked to focus on what they
can do rather than what they cannot do
...
Therefore, assisting a client develop a compassionate,
forgiving approach to life can be helpful and healing
...
If the trauma is related to abuse and the counsellor
feels unable to deal with it, then it is useful to refer the client, to other counsellors who have better
experience of working with abuse
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This assists the counsellor to help them effectively
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It can be defined as an emotional state
experienced as the impulse to behave in order to protect, defend or attack in response to a perceived
threat or a challenge
...
Anger like other
emotional states is influenced by our thoughts, images, values, behaviors and physiology
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Problematic anger, associated with poor impulse control, is commonly
evidenced in domestic violence and other forms of criminal behaviour
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Thoughts (cognitions) involved in an
angry response commonly include thinking errors such as personalizing an issue such as, 'he did
that deliberately to upset me' and catastrophizing, for example, 'I'll never get another job'
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Brondolo (1998) suggests that anger arises when a person
perceives that their core values have been violated
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Anger management
Anger can be controlled by means different approaches, such as relaxation, cognitive restructuring
or social skill's Graining, and counselling skills
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Clients who deny that they
have any problem with anger control and have no motivation to change, or have significant impulse
control problems that might benefit from pre-treatment
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The following are suggested components for the treatment of problematic anger
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 Help the client to focus on acceptance of and responsibility for their anger control problem
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 Promote client's motivation to change behaviour,
 Encourage the client to practice self-monitoring techniques, such as personal anger diaries
and anger charts
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 Help the client develop coping strategies to deal with anticipated triggers
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 Enhance client's control of physiological responses, such as tension release techniques,
relaxation and stress management
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For
dais reason, counsellors should do their best to help their clients control problematic anger so as
to reduce the risk
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When death
occurs, people even children grieve
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When counselling grieving children, these points should be
followed:
 Tell the child the truth about the death of the loved one and do not try to protect, them by
hiding the real cause of the death
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 The counsellor needs to repeat over and over that the dead person will never return
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 The counsellor should not go along with the child's denial of death
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 Allow the child to express feelings of anger but if the sadness docs not abate after a few
sessions of counselling, refer the child to a specialist
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 To help clients manage anxieties the counsellor should calm them and helps them increase
their confidence by acknowledging their strengths, support factors and previous success



experiences
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References
1
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guidelines
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acrnetwork
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htm
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American School Counselor Association (2005)
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Alexandria, VA:
Author
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Blueprint for Life/Work Designs (n
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Career development programs for
K-12 schools, chapter seven
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blueprint4life
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4
...
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5
...
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6
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