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Title: from atoms to organism
Description: content : *mitosis. *meiosis.

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Mitosis & Meiosis

Mitosis:








If a cell wants to make a duplicate of itself, it first
must copy its DNA (part of a chromosome)
...

The cell then splits in two
...

Results in cells such as internal organs, skin, bones,
blood, etc
...




Results in reproductive cells (sperm, eggs, etc)
...




Meiosis has evolved to solve a problem
...




Why would this be a problem?

This may you remember these terms:


MITosis takes the cell and Makes It Two (diploid)



Meiosis has to do with sex



From the cell’s point of view:
 mITosis results in Identical Twins
 mEioSis results in Egg and Sperm (haploid)

Clyde Freeman Herreid – Dept
...
of New York

Mitosis:

Meiosis:

Each resulting cell still has chromosomes from mom & dad

Mitosis

Vocabulary



Diploid
Haploid








Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

Interphase occurs just before
Mitosis begins:
DNA is replicated
along with
organelles and
other cellular
components and
the cell prepares
for division
...
bioweb
...
edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6
...
bioweb
...
edu/biol1110/Stages
...


http://www
...
uncc
...
htm

Mitosis Prophase
Animal cell

Plant cell

Photographs from: http://www
...
uncc
...
htm

2nd step in Mitosis:
metaphase (organizational
phase)
The chromosomes
line up the middle
of the cell with the
help of spindle
fibers attached to
the centromere of
each replicated
chromosome
...
bioweb
...
edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6
...
bioweb
...
edu/biol1110/Stages
...


http://www
...
uncc
...
htm

Mitosis Anaphase
Animal cell

Plant cell

Photographs from: http://www
...
uncc
...
htm

th
4

step in Mitosis:
Telophase

The chromosomes, along
with the cytoplasm and its
organelles and membranes
are divided into 2
portions
...


http://www
...
uncc
...
htm

Mitosis Telophase
Animal cell

Plant cell

Photographs from: http://www
...
uncc
...
htm

After Mitosis:
Cytokinesis
Beginning of cytokinesis in a plant:

The actual splitting of
the daughter cells
into
two separate cells is
called cytokinesis and
occurs differently in
both plant and animal
Cells
...
bioweb
...
edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6
...
The
chromosomes have
not yet condensed
...
rutgers
...
html

Meiosis Interphase
The chromosomes
have replicated, and
the chromatin begins
to condense
...
rutgers
...
html

Meiosis Prophase I
The chromosomes are
completely
condensed
...
rutgers
...
html

Meiosis Metaphase I
The nuclear
membrane dissolves
and the homologous
chromosomes attach
to the spindle fibers
...


http://morgan
...
edu/MorganWebFrames/Level1/Page7/meiosis1
...


http://morgan
...
edu/MorganWebFrames/Level1/Page7/meiosis1
...
It is
important to
understand that each
daughter cell can get
any combination of
maternal and paternal
chromosomes
...
rutgers
...
html

Meiosis Prophase II
The cell has divided
into two daughter
cells
...
rutgers
...
html

Meiosis Metaphase II
As in Meiosis I, the
chromosomes line up
on the spindle fibers
...
rutgers
...
html

Meiosis Anaphase II
The two cells each
begin to divide
...


http://morgan
...
edu/MorganWebFrames/Level1/Page7/meiosis1
...
Each of these
prospective germ cells
carries half the
number of
chromosomes of
somatic cells
...
rutgers
...
html


Title: from atoms to organism
Description: content : *mitosis. *meiosis.