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The molecule consists
of the sugar ribose
which is attached to the ATP is formed when a phosphate
group bids to a molecule of ADP
base adenine and a
(adenosine diphosphate)
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ATP is a nucleotide
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When they do break,
they release a considerable
amount of energy
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The reaction is hydrolysis
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Conversion of ATP to ADP is a
reversible reaction
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Energy & ATP

The hydrolysis of ATP is catalysed by the
enzyme ATP hydrolase
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Secretion = ATP needed to form lysosomes necessary for the secretion of cell
products
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ATP + H2O ——-> ADP + P + E
Energy can be used to add an inorganic phosphate to ADP to re-form ATP according to the
equation —^
This reaction is catalysed by the enzyme ATP
Synthase
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ATP = universal energy currency
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Very soluble in water
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A large input of heat energy is
needed to break the bonds
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Different poles attract = positive
pole of one water molecule will be
attracted to the negative pole of another
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The temperature of a substance is a
measure of the motion of its molecules
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Water can absorb more heat than
most fluids before its temp increases
noticeably = water has a high heat capacity
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Water is used to break down many complex molecules by hydrolysis
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Water

Cohesion (the capacity of something to
resist pulling apart under tension) wa-

ter has high cohesion because its
molecules are joined by hydrogen
bonds

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