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Humoral immunity:
Role of B-Lymphocytes:

Involves antibodies = these are soluble in blood and tissue fluid of
the body
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Around 10 million
B cells and each starts to produce a specific antibody that responds to one specific antigen
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The antibody attaches to its complementary antigen
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T cells bind to these processed antigens and stimulate this B cell
to divide by mitosis to form a clone of identical B cells
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B-Lymphocytes and humoral
immunity

Some pathogens produce toxins which act like antigens so B cells
make clones
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In each clone,
the cells produced develop into one of the two types of cell:
Plasma Cells: secrete antibodies usually into blood plasma
...
Plasma cells responsible for immediate defence of
the body against infection, as well as memory cells, the production of antibodies is known as the primary immune response
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Longer life
span/ don’t produce antibodies directly but circulate in blood and tissue fluid
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The plasma cell produced destroys
the pathogen whilst the memory cell circulates in readiness for future infection
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An increased quantity of antibodies is secreted at a faster rate than in the
primary response
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surface antigens of an invading pathogen are taken up by
a B cell
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B cell processes the antigens and presents them on its
surface

3
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4
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5
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6
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Some B cells develop into memory cells, these can respond to future infections by the same pathogen by dividing rapidly and developing into plasma cells that produce
antibodies

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