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Vitis 33, 55-56 (1994)
Research Note
Induction of polyembryony and secondary
embryogenesis in culture for embryo rescue
of stenospermocarpic genotypes of
Vitis vinifera L
...
ATANASSOV 2)
K e y w o r d s : polyembryony, seedless grapes,
stenospermocarpy
...
it is possible to rescue the embryo and produce
seedling plants by a procedure of in vitro embryo culture
(CAIN et al
...
1985 ; GRAY et al
...
Multiple embryos resulting from this procedure and
spontaneous polyembryony in culture have been occasionally reported (EMERSHAD and RAMMING 1984; DURHAM et
al
...
Studies on spontaneous polyembryony in some
seeded grapevine varieties and interspecific hybrids (V
...
riparia) were undertaken by BouQUET (1978,
1980, 1982)
...
35 %) in
V
...
7 %) polyembryony
in interspecific hybrids
...
Studies on the possibilities to induce
polyembryony in culture of fertilized ovules of stenospermocarpic vine genotypes have not been made for the
time being
...
to study the possibilities for induction of relatively high percentage of polyembryony in culture during
in vitro embryo rescue of seedless grapevine varieties;
2
...
embryogenesis
...
Berries were collected 60 d after anthesis and
stored in the dark at 4 °C in the presence of SOZfor a period
of 5 weeks
...
It has been identified only
by ampelographic characteristics as Sultanina gigas
(tetraploid form of Sultanina) by NEGRULY and KATEROV In
the 1960ies (KATEROV and DONTCHEV, unpublished data)
...
, 5800
Pleven, Bulgaria
z) Institute of Genetic Engineering - Kostinbrod, Bulgaria
Embryo rescue and polyembryony induction : Ovules
were aseptically separated and put in groups of 20 in petri
dishes containing 20 ml of culture medium
...
3 % active charcoal, 20 g/1
saccharose and 0
...
7 before it
was autoclaved
...
The ovules were cultured on induction medium for
12-14 weeks, then the undeveloped ovules were transferred
on fresh induction medium
...
The
results presented in Tables 1 and 2 are the summarized
data for each cultivar from the three countings after 8, 16
and 23 weeks in culture
...
Induction ofsecondary embryogenesis: The embryos,
10-15 mm in length, were transferred on NN69 growth
regulator-free medium for development and induction of
secondary embryogenesis in the zone between the hypocotyl and the root
...
1989; EMERSHAD et al
...
Possibilities for induction of polyembryony in the
stenospermocarpic grapevine genotypes used in our research were available due to the fact that there were
proembryonal structures in the initial explant
...
were found to
influence greatly the naturally occurring polyembryony
...
0 to 85
...
The cluster per
centage is lower from 1 to 11 if the datum is referred to the
total number of the cultured ovules (Tab
...
The cultivars Kishmish Moldavski and Russalka 3,
positively reacting to low temperature, were subjected to
the influence of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 times increased concentration of vitamins and hormones and the cultivar Sultanina
gigas to 3,5 and 9 times
...
The higher values suppressed
the percentage of the rescued embryos in these variants
...
1)
...
ATANASSOV
provided by the parallel application of polyembryony and
secondary embryogenesis as methods for progeny rescue
in seedless grapevine cultivars
...
Cultivar
RE
PC
PC(%)
11
7
4
36
...
0
5
...
7
73
...
0
30
...
8
+
22
Kishmish
Moldavski
Kishmish
Luchistii
Smirnoff
Seedless
Hybrid VI-4
Sultanina
Kishmish Red
Russalka 3
Seedless
I~ybrid VI-4 x
Corynth white
Smirnoff x
Corynth white
SP
11
11
50
...
having secondary embryogenesis in 1 cluster for the cvs
Kishmish Moldavski, Russalka 3 and Sultanina gigas is presented in Tab
...
Secondary embryogenesis in vine has been
reported by several authors (Kxur
...
1989)
...
The results refer to induction medium for which the percentage
of produced polyembryogenic clusters for each Cultivar is the
highest: NN for Kishmish Moldavski, NN4 for Russalka 3, NN3
for Sultanina gigas
...
clusters
of plantlets
(%)
in 1 cluster
Kishmish
Moldavski
Russalka3
Sultanina gigas
7
...
0
8
...
5
32
...
0
Plantlets with
sec
...
8
30
...
3
embryogenic cluster and the resulting plantlets with secondary embryogenesis until 18 March 1993, i
...
for 23
weeks in culture for the Cultivar Russalka 3
...
These data illustrate quite cursorily the possibilities
Figure : Induction of polyembryony and secondary embryogenesis
in culture for embryo rescue of stenospermocarpic genotypes of
Vitis vinifera
...
Polyembryonic cluster (cv
...
7 mm); b
...
Kishmish Moldavski)
(1 cm =1
...
Secondary embryogenesis (cv
...
6 mm); d
...
Russalka 3)
...
; 1978 : La polyembryonie spontanee chez Vitis vinifera L
...
2e Symp
...
Amelior
...
INRA
Paris
...
Vitis 19, 134-150
...
x Vitis riparia
...
CAIN, D
...
; EMERSHAD, R
...
; TARAILO, R
...
; 1983 : In-ovulo embryo culture and seedling development of seeded and seedless grapes (Vitis
vinifera L
...
E
...
A
...
J
...
A
...
Plant Cell Rep
...
EMERSHAD, R
...
; RAMMING, D
...
; 1984: In-ovulo embryo culture Of Vitis
vinifera L
...
`Thompson Seedless'
...
J
...
71, 873-877
...
D
...
Amer
...
Bot
...
GRAY, D
...
; FISHER, L
...
; MORTENSEN, J
...
; 1987 : Comparison of methodologies for in vitro embryo rescue of seedless grapes
...
KRUL, W
...
; WoRLeY, J
...
J
...
Soc
...
Sci
...
NITSCH, J
...
; NITSCH, C
...
Science
163, 85-87
...
; 1976 : Polyembryony and reasons for its origin
...
M
...
SPIEGEL-ROY, P N
...
J
...
; 1985 : In vitro culture and plant
...
J
...
Soc
...
Sci
...
TSOLOVA, V
...
Vitis 29, 1-4