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Title: OCR A Biological Molecules
Description: This notes explain to you the different biological molecules you need to know for your A levels in the most concise and easy way to understand.
Description: This notes explain to you the different biological molecules you need to know for your A levels in the most concise and easy way to understand.
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Biological Molecules
1
...
Some examples of
different R groups are: Glycine: H,
Alanine: CH3, Cysteine: CH2SH
...
When you join two amino acids together
a peptide bond is formed through a
condensation reaction this is since a
molecule of water is being removed if the
molecule would have been added this
would have meant it was a hydrolysis
reaction
...
Many more amino acids are joined
together they for a polypeptide
...
The specific sequence of amino acids in a
chain is called the PRIMARY structure of the
protein
...
All proteins contain hydrogen,
carbon, oxygen and nitrogen and some
contain sulphur
...
The others can be
transmitted in the liver
...
The amount
of Hydrogen bonds make this structure stable
...
The overall 3D shape of the molecule is the
tertiary structure
...
If the tertiary structure changes the
protein cannot carry out its function
...
The
bonds formed are determined by the primary
structure – a single change to an amino acid can
change the tertiary structure and function of that
protein
...
Others have an inorganic
component
...
The 3D tertiary and quaternary structure of
proteins determine the role the protein will play
in the body
...
Globular: soluble, made of a non-repeating
sequence of amino acids, usually metabolically
active
...
Collagen: Its insoluble in water and it has high tensile strength and flexibility
...
It’s a structural protein
...
Every 3rd amino acid is glycine ( smallest amino acid)
...
The ends of the
molecules are staggered this prevents weak spots running though the fibrils
...
It contains alose
proline and hydroxyproline
...
In skin collagen form a mesh that is resistant to tearing
...
Its
waterproof which provides an impermeable barrier to infection and prevents
entry of water born pollutants
...
Contains cysteine, a sulphur containing amino acid
...
Flexibility is determined by the
degree of disulphide bonds
...
Allows the following structures to stretch and adapt their shape: walls of
blood vessels, alveoli in lungs, bladder, heart and tendons and ligament and skin
Title: OCR A Biological Molecules
Description: This notes explain to you the different biological molecules you need to know for your A levels in the most concise and easy way to understand.
Description: This notes explain to you the different biological molecules you need to know for your A levels in the most concise and easy way to understand.