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6
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002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
...
mit
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002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
ADMINISTRIVIA
Lecturer: Prof
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3
Web site —
http://web
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edu/6
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002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
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mit
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002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
Two homework assignments can
be missed (except HW11)
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Lab
You may work in a team of
two, but do you own write-up
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002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
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mit
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Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
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002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
What is engineering?
Purposeful use of science
What is 6
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002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
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mit
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Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
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002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
Nature as observed in experiments
3
6
9
12
…
I
6
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1
0
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3
0
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061
Instruction set abstraction
Pentium, MIPS 6
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001
Software systems 6
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455
6
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002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
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mit
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Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
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002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
Lumped Circuit Abstraction
Consider
The Big Jump
from physics
to EECS
I
V
?
Suppose we wish to answer this question:
What is the current through the bulb?
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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6
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002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
...
mit
...
Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
...
002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
Instead, there is an Easy Way…
First, let us build some insight:
Analogy
F
a?
I ask you: What is the acceleration?
You quickly ask me: What is the mass?
I tell you:
m
F
You respond: a =
m
Done !! !
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
...
mit
...
Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
...
002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
The Easy Way…
Consider the filament of the light bulb
...
Then, we can replace the bulb with a
discrete resistor
for the purpose of calculating the current
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002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
...
mit
...
Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
...
002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
The Easy Way…
A
B
Replace the bulb with a
discrete resistor
for the purpose of calculating the current
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002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
...
mit
...
Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
...
002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
The Easy Way…
A
+
V
–
I
R
and
B
I=
V
R
In EE, we do things
the easy way…
R represents the only property of interest!
R relates element v and i
V
I=
R
called element v-i relationship
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
Not so fast, though …
I
A
+ S
A
V
B
–
SB
black box
Although we will take the easy way
using lumped abstractions for the rest
of this course, we must make sure (at
least the first time) that our
abstraction is reasonable
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002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
...
mit
...
Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
...
002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
A
+
I
SA
V
V
B
–
I
must be defined
for the element
SB
black box
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
True when
=
I out of S B
∂q
True only when
= 0 in the filament!
∂t
∫ J ⋅ dS
I into S A
SA
∫ J ⋅ dS
SB
∫ J ⋅ dS − ∫ J ⋅ dS =
SA
from ell
axw
M
SB
IA
∂q
∂t
IB
∂q
=0
I A = I B only if
∂t
So let’s assume this
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
see
A&L
So let’s assume this too
∂φ B
=0
∂t
outside elements
VAB defined when
So
VAB = ∫AB E ⋅ dl
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
Exploding resistor demo
can’t predict that!
Pickle demo
can’t predict light, smell
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
For example —
a
R1
V
+
–
b
R3
R4
d
R2
R5
c
What can we say about voltages in a loop
under the lumped matter discipline?
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6
...
002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
...
mit
...
Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
...
002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
What can we say about currents?
I ca
S
a
I da
I ba
∂q
∫S J ⋅ dS = − ∂t
under LMD
0
I ca + I da + I ba = 0
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL):
The sum of the currents into a node is 0
...
002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007
...
mit
...
Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY]
...
002 Fall 2000
Lecture 1
KVL and KCL Summary
KVL:
∑ jν j = 0
loop
KCL:
∑jij = 0
node
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6
...
MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw
...
edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
...
6